Bogart’s ‘African Queen’ revitalised

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The "African Queen" is a 100-year-old steam boat famed for its role in the 1951 movie of the same name.The “African Queen” is a 100-year-old steam boat famed for its role in the 1951 movie of the same name.
The movie starred legends of the silver screen, Humphrey Bogart and Katharine Hepburn, and brought Bogart his only Oscar.The movie starred legends of the silver screen, Humphrey Bogart and Katharine Hepburn, and brought Bogart his only Oscar.
The boat fell into a state of disrepair after the death of its previous owner in 2001.The boat fell into a state of disrepair after the death of its previous owner in 2001.
The ship has been repaired and refitted by husband and wife team Lance and Suzanne Holmquist (pictured).The ship has been repaired and refitted by husband and wife team Lance and Suzanne Holmquist (pictured).
The restoration process has seen a new steel hull and boiler installed on the African Queen.The restoration process has seen a new steel hull and boiler installed on the African Queen.
Humphrey Bogart's son, Stephen, has given the restored vessel his blessing. Humphrey Bogart’s son, Stephen, has given the restored vessel his blessing.

(CNN) — The historic vessel which provided the setting for Humphrey Bogart‘s only Oscar winning performance has been resurrected from the scrapheap by a movie-loving Florida couple.

The African Queen is a 100 year old steam boat famed for its starring role in the 1951 hit movie of the same name.

The classic picture — which also starred Katharine Hepburn and told the story of a Canadian steam boat captain and a British missionary working in German East Africa during the First World War — saw Bogart receive the 1951 Academy Award for best actor.

After falling into a state of disrepair following the death of its previous owner in 2001, the vessel was spotted gathering rust in a Florida marina late last year by Suzanne Holmquist and her engineer husband, Lance.

The couple have since repaired the ailing ship and opened it up to tourists and film enthusiasts, providing cruises around the Florida Keys aboard the famous vessel.

See also: Historic vessel Cutty Sark rises from ashes

“It’s (the boat) held in a trust so we approached them and talked about restoring it,” says Holmquist on how she stumbled upon the famous vessel.

“We have a tall ship business that operates right next to where the African Queen was stationed in Key Largo. It was just wasting away so we offered to restore it and put it into our charter operation,” she adds.

I knew it was famous from the movie but as time has gone on I’ve found out a lot more about the history of it and where she has been
Suzanne Holmquist

Although most famed for its role alongside Bogart and Hepburn, the African Queen had a long and colorful life before hitting the big screen, explains Holmquist.

Built in 1912 at Lytham Shipbuilding Yard in England, the vessel was originally named the Livingstone and served as a cargo vessel for the British East Africa Rail Company.

It spent most of its first 50 years operating in the waters of the Ruki River in the northern Democratic Republic of Congo where she was used to transport a mixture of hunters, mercenaries and cargo.

In the early 1950′s the ship was spotted by the director of the African Queen, John Huston, and pulled temporarily from service so it could be used in the movie.

See also: HMS Victory gets $25 million revamp

By the late 1960′s however, the African Queen had swapped the big screen and the rural hinterland of the Congo for the concrete jungle of San Francisco. An American businessman transported the ship to the Golden Gate city where he hoped to harness its Hollywood fame to operate it as a tour boat.

This idea proved unsuccessful however and the vessel then changed hands a number of times before coming to the attention of Florida attorney and Humphrey Bogart enthusiast, Jim Hendricks Sr. in 1982.

Hendricks Sr. eagerly snapped up his very own chunk Bogart movie memorabilia which he owned until his death in 2001.

During this period Hendricks Sr. took the African Queen around the world, gracing flotillas that marked the 50th anniversary of the battle of Dunkirk in the English Channel and the Queen Mother’s 90th birthday on the River Thames.

Once Hendricks Sr. passed away however, the vessel once more fell upon hard times, wasting away on a lonely jetty in southern Florida.

It was here that Suzanne Holmquist, herself a self-confessed Bogart and Hepburn buff recognized the boat. Late last year she made an offer to the owners to put it back in working order.

It had big holes in it and was kind of like a sieve when it rained, all the water was just pouring out
Suzanne Holmquist

“It had big holes in it and was kind of like a sieve when it rained, all the water was just pouring out,” says Holmquist.

“My husband has restored big boats before, some bigger than this one, so I knew that we could do it,” she adds.

The ensuing restoration project has been a detailed and thorough process taking fully six months to complete.

See also: Tourism at the bottom of the deep blue sea

The hull has been equipped with a new steel frame, a replacement boiler has been installed and the original black African mahogany wood decks have been repainted.

In order to maintain the boats worn and rustic charm however, Holmquist says it has been splattered with mud so as to make it look exactly like it does in the movie.

“Most of the interest so far in boat has come from movie fans … so we wanted it to make it look as much like it does in the film as possible,” says Holmquist.

The ship has even had a special guest visitor in the shape of Humphrey Bogart’s son, Stephen, who gave the freshly completed restoration efforts his blessing.

But by using the African Queen’s Hollywood past to draw people aboard, Holmquist also hopes to provide visitors with an understanding of the ship’s rich history beyond the silver screen.

This a story Holmquist herself says she has been fascinated to discover over the course of the past few months.

“I knew it was famous from the movie but as time has gone on I’ve found out a lot more about the history of it and where she has been,” says Holmquist.

“Hopefully we’ll be able to relay that story and all those who come to visit can learn a little more about the boat and her incredible life,” she adds.

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Authorities grapple with protests, threats, website disruption at NATO summit

Two more individuals have been arrested and accused of threatening the NATO conference in Chicago, in the latest escalation of tension between police and protesters on the sidelines of the Afghanistan war summit. 

The summit has already been marked by terror threats, protests and most recently a disruption to the city of Chicago’s website, with hacker group Anonymous reportedly claiming responsibility. Despite the early challenges, President Obama met as scheduled Sunday with Afghan President Hamid Karzai at summit headquarters, before heading into meetings with top NATO officials on the way forward in Afghanistan. 

Meanwhile, protesters were kicking off what is billed as the largest demonstration of the weekend. And the latest arrests and heavy police presence were used as a rallying cry, as lead protester Andy Thayer called on Obama to call off the cops. 

“We are holding you, President Obama and Mayor (Rahm) Emanuel, personally responsible for any violence,” he said. “If you value the election this November, you’ll tell your officers to stand down.” 

A slew of demonstrators and plotters have already been brought into custody, some on serious charges. 

Prosecutors previously charged three men with planning to attack Obama’s campaign headquarters, Emanuel’s home and other targets. They’re accused of trying to make Molotov cocktails. 

Two more alleged plotters, Sebastian Senakiewicz and Mark Neiweem, have also been charged. The Cook County State Attorney’s office said in a statement Sunday that Neiweem, 28, is charged with attempted possession of explosives or incendiary devices and Sebastian Senakiewicz, 24, is charged with falsely making a terrorist threat. Police Supt. Garry McCarthy said the cases of all five individuals are connected, without elaborating. 

In addition, officials were investigating after the websites for the city of Chicago and its police department stopped working. A group that calls itself Anonymous posted a statement claiming to have taken the police site out of commission as the NATO summit began Sunday. 

Officials have not yet confirmed whether the incident is a cyber attack. 

Increasingly tense clashes Saturday night tested police, who used bicycles to barricade streets and horseback officers to coax them in different directions. Eighteen people were arrested, McCarthy said. 

Organizers of Sunday’s rally had initially predicted tens of thousands of protesters this weekend. 

But that was when the G-8 summit also was scheduled to be in Chicago. Earlier this year, Obama moved the Group of 8 economic meeting to Camp David, the secluded retreat in rural Maryland. 

Chicago kept the NATO summit, which will focus on the war in Afghanistan and other international security matters, but not the economy. That left activists with the challenge of persuading groups as diverse as teachers, nurses and union laborers to show up for the Chicago protests even though the summit’s main focus doesn’t align with their most heartfelt issues. 

“I’m here to protest NATO, which I feel is the enforcement arm of the ruling 1 percent — of the capitalist 1 percent,” said protester John Schraufnagel, 53, who took a bus from Minneapolis to Chicago and was among the first demonstrators to gather at Grant Park Sunday. 

Sunday’s protest followed several, smaller demonstrations the previous two days including one peaceful march to the home of Emanuel, Obama’s former chief of staff, on Saturday. But a march later that evening involving hundreds of demonstrators stretched for hours as protesters zigzagged back and forth through downtown, some decrying terrorism-related charges leveled against three young men earlier in the day. 

McCarthy said police would be ready with quick but targeted arrests of any demonstrators who turn violent Sunday. 

“If anything else happens, the plan is to go in and get the people who create the violent acts, take them out of the crowd and arrest them,” warned McCarthy. “We’re not going to charge the crowd wholesale — that’s the bottom line.” 

Security has been tight throughout the city. As police gathered en masse on streetcorners, near parks and key landmarks, the city’s streets remained largely vacant and many downtown buildings closed. 

The Associated Press contributed to this report.

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From propaganda to pop artist

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Song Byeok's paintings are often about coming to terms with life outside North Korea. Behind him is the painting "Child Warrior," depicting the curious North Korean custom of dressing children in military clothes on special birthdays. Song painted the boy with his eyes closed. Song Byeok’s paintings are often about coming to terms with life outside North Korea. Behind him is the painting “Child Warrior,” depicting the curious North Korean custom of dressing children in military clothes on special birthdays. Song painted the boy with his eyes closed.
"I risked my life on this painting," Song says of "Take Off Your Clothes," which created a stir by putting the late North Korean leader Kim Jong Il in a Marilyn Monroe pose. "In some ways, this picture represents me," Song said. "I hope after North Korean society opens up, people will debate it." It is used on this poster to promote Song's recent exhibit in Atlanta. “I risked my life on this painting,” Song says of “Take Off Your Clothes,” which created a stir by putting the late North Korean leader Kim Jong Il in a Marilyn Monroe pose. “In some ways, this picture represents me,” Song said. “I hope after North Korean society opens up, people will debate it.” It is used on this poster to promote Song’s recent exhibit in Atlanta.
North Korea built hundreds of statues of Kim Il Sung, founder of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. In "Beloved Father of Our Country," women in drab military clothing pay tribute to their "Great Leader." North Korea built hundreds of statues of Kim Il Sung, founder of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. In “Beloved Father of Our Country,” women in drab military clothing pay tribute to their “Great Leader.”
It was only after he lived outside North Korea that Song began to understand freedom and why it was so important. This, Song says, is his main message as an artist. It was only after he lived outside North Korea that Song began to understand freedom and why it was so important. This, Song says, is his main message as an artist.
Like much of Song's work, this painting, "Hope," is about the desire for a better future for his homeland. "Defectors naturally want to help things inside North Korea change," he said. "My way of doing that is to paint." Like much of Song’s work, this painting, “Hope,” is about the desire for a better future for his homeland. “Defectors naturally want to help things inside North Korea change,” he said. “My way of doing that is to paint.”
A work done in classic Tang Dynasty style, "Around the Tumen River" looks as if it could have been painted centuries ago. But an up-close view reveals the hard realities of life in North Korea. Farmers work without tractors, soldiers survive on fish they catch in a river, and people in hills scour for edible plants. A work done in classic Tang Dynasty style, “Around the Tumen River” looks as if it could have been painted centuries ago. But an up-close view reveals the hard realities of life in North Korea. Farmers work without tractors, soldiers survive on fish they catch in a river, and people in hills scour for edible plants.
In some ways, it's not a far jump from propaganda to pop art. In "Let Me Taste It," Song pays tribute to Andy Warhol, freedom of expression and the difficulties of life in North Korea.In some ways, it’s not a far jump from propaganda to pop art. In “Let Me Taste It,” Song pays tribute to Andy Warhol, freedom of expression and the difficulties of life in North Korea.
Before his death in December, North Korean society revolved around the Dear Leader. But in "General and Tribes People," Song shows Kim Jong Il's shadow shrinking to a taper when around people who don't buy into the myth. Before his death in December, North Korean society revolved around the Dear Leader. But in “General and Tribes People,” Song shows Kim Jong Il’s shadow shrinking to a taper when around people who don’t buy into the myth.
Like most North Korean families, Song's parents didn't want him to wear his shoes unless it was necessary. "Shoes cost parents three or four days' wages," Song said, "and children were expected to stitch their own repairs." In "Barefoot Boys," a T-shirt says "Nothing to Envy in the World." Like most North Korean families, Song’s parents didn’t want him to wear his shoes unless it was necessary. “Shoes cost parents three or four days’ wages,” Song said, “and children were expected to stitch their own repairs.” In “Barefoot Boys,” a T-shirt says “Nothing to Envy in the World.”
"Mass Game" depicts a trademark image of North Korea, where thousands participate in exercises of unity and patriotism. “Mass Game” depicts a trademark image of North Korea, where thousands participate in exercises of unity and patriotism.
It's not uncommon for North Koreans to describe the Dear Leader as a surrogate parent. In "A Loving Father and His Children," Song replaces the chubby, square-jawed children he painted as a propagandist with realistic images of child beggars found around many North Korean rail stations. Passers-by will sometimes pay them to sing; a popular song is "Our General is a Great Leader." It’s not uncommon for North Koreans to describe the Dear Leader as a surrogate parent. In “A Loving Father and His Children,” Song replaces the chubby, square-jawed children he painted as a propagandist with realistic images of child beggars found around many North Korean rail stations. Passers-by will sometimes pay them to sing; a popular song is “Our General is a Great Leader.”
In "Hillside Slums," the painting on the left, an image of Song's mother dominates the skyline over the house he grew up in. She told Song she was worried about Kim Jong Il's health before she herself died in the famine of the 1990s. By putting Kim in drag in "Fall Into My Arms," Song glamorizes all things foreign and wonders whether life would not be more exciting for North Korea if it was opened to the outside. In “Hillside Slums,” the painting on the left, an image of Song’s mother dominates the skyline over the house he grew up in. She told Song she was worried about Kim Jong Il’s health before she herself died in the famine of the 1990s. By putting Kim in drag in “Fall Into My Arms,” Song glamorizes all things foreign and wonders whether life would not be more exciting for North Korea if it was opened to the outside.
The girls in "Flower Children" are waving and posing for foreigners in the way they've been trained: brimming with confidence that they live in the world's greatest country. Song painted them with their eyes closed, blind to the reality of their poverty.The girls in “Flower Children” are waving and posing for foreigners in the way they’ve been trained: brimming with confidence that they live in the world’s greatest country. Song painted them with their eyes closed, blind to the reality of their poverty.
Song says he feels a bond with people from other countries where basic rights are restricted. "Freedom" expresses his hope that people everywhere will break their chains the way he broke his. Song says he feels a bond with people from other countries where basic rights are restricted. “Freedom” expresses his hope that people everywhere will break their chains the way he broke his.
Song takes a cigarette break with Greg Pence, an American who saw Song's work in Seoul, was moved by its power and organized the funds for an exhibit in the United States. Song takes a cigarette break with Greg Pence, an American who saw Song’s work in Seoul, was moved by its power and organized the funds for an exhibit in the United States.

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Editor’s note: This is part of look at North Korea from the vantage point of some of those who have escaped and defected. See an accompanying story about a family now living in the U.S.

Atlanta (CNN) — Song Byeok had every reason to be pleased with his success. A gift for drawing led to a prestigious career as a propaganda artist and full membership in North Korea’s communist party.

Then the food shortages started.

Like tens of thousands of other North Koreans in the mid-1990s, Song made forays across the Tumen River to find food in China. Despite witnessing a better material life across the border, he says, he never doubted that North Korea was culturally superior. He never considered leaving his homeland for anything more than food.

“I was a believer. I saw North Koreans as pure,” Song said. “And we needed the Great Leader to protect us from outsiders.”

Today, Song paints in Seoul, South Korea, his art haunted by his former whole-hearted belief in the North Korean regime. Song’s paintings chronicle a personal, often agonizing journey from child-like allegiance to the country’s founder and “Great Leader,” Kim Il Sung, and his son, “Dear Leader” Kim Jong Il, to Song’s life today as a contemporary artist.

Ever desperate for hard currency, the official website of North Korea offers propaganda art for sale, including some of Song Byeok's designs. Artwork promoting the North Korean regime is available on beer steins, clocks and even iPad and iPhone covers. The items are made in places as diverse and as far from North Korea as El Salvador and Pakistan. They are for sale in U.S. dollars and ship from California. This calendar sells for $5.99 and says "We must be determined to fight and win against imperialism." You can also order this motif on an insulated bottle or can holder.Ever desperate for hard currency, the official website of North Korea offers propaganda art for sale, including some of Song Byeok’s designs. Artwork promoting the North Korean regime is available on beer steins, clocks and even iPad and iPhone covers. The items are made in places as diverse and as far from North Korea as El Salvador and Pakistan. They are for sale in U.S. dollars and ship from California. This calendar sells for $5.99 and says “We must be determined to fight and win against imperialism.” You can also order this motif on an insulated bottle or can holder.

It may look like a nation at war, but in fact it's a North Korean greeting card. The caption says "Happy New Year."It may look like a nation at war, but in fact it’s a North Korean greeting card. The caption says “Happy New Year.”

Now available to foreigners on a coffee mug, Song Byeok painted this same design on three factory billboards inside North Korea. It says "Self-Reliance: This Is Our Only Belief." The mug is made in China. Now available to foreigners on a coffee mug, Song Byeok painted this same design on three factory billboards inside North Korea. It says “Self-Reliance: This Is Our Only Belief.” The mug is made in China.

The bottom line on this lime-green T-shirt reads, "Let's Build a Strong and Prosperous Country With the Power of Our Military." The bottom line on this lime-green T-shirt reads, “Let’s Build a Strong and Prosperous Country With the Power of Our Military.”

Song painted this design across the large exterior wall of a factory in North Korea. The gun and the dove dominate the scene, as the phrase beneath reads "Peace Through Fighting." Song painted this design across the large exterior wall of a factory in North Korea. The gun and the dove dominate the scene, as the phrase beneath reads “Peace Through Fighting.”

This battery-powered wall clock sells for $16.49, and in addition to telling the time, it tells you, "Let's Kick-Start the 'Military First' Policy." This was Kim Jong Il's policy of prioritizing the military's needs over food during the famine of the mid-1990s.This battery-powered wall clock sells for $16.49, and in addition to telling the time, it tells you, “Let’s Kick-Start the ‘Military First’ Policy.” This was Kim Jong Il’s policy of prioritizing the military’s needs over food during the famine of the mid-1990s.

The button on the right is emblazoned "All-or-Nothing War."The button on the right is emblazoned “All-or-Nothing War.”

If anyone were to think North Korean propaganda was relentlessly martial, this golf shirt (made in Pakistan) proclaims, "Let's Ignite the Fire for Peace." If anyone were to think North Korean propaganda was relentlessly martial, this golf shirt (made in Pakistan) proclaims, “Let’s Ignite the Fire for Peace.”

This beer stein declares, "In Life, In Death, Red Is In Our Hearts." This beer stein declares, “In Life, In Death, Red Is In Our Hearts.”

North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale

North Korean communism for saleNorth Korean communism for sale

In his former life, he would paint boyish-looking soldiers with heroic features across an entire side of a factory to inspire workers with the same patriotism he believed in.

His current paintings explore themes of freedom while skewering his former devotion to North Korea’s leaders. He paints children in military uniforms, their heads bowed and eyes closed. His trademark work shows Kim Jong Il’s face atop Marilyn Monroe’s famous film pose on a sidewalk grate, holding down her skirt as it billows around her hips.

The painting created a stir in South Korea, where American Greg Pence saw it and raised funds on Kickstarter to exhibit Song’s work this winter in Washington and Atlanta.

Song is passionate and sometimes brooding when discussing North Korea but gracious and open about his deeply personal passage from propaganda artist to painter who anguishes over oppression in North Korea.

Obama: North Korea will achieve nothing with provocation

Song’s journey to disbelief began the moment he watched, helpless, as his father was caught in a current during a river crossing to China and drowned. Song was halfway across when his father was swept away; he swam back but was unable to rescue him. Despondent, Song searched for his father’s body along the riverbank but was captured by North Korean border guards.

Despite his rank as a party member, getting caught meant questioning and torture by North Korean guards to confirm that he was not working for the South Koreans or the foreign missionaries based in China who proselytize among defectors.

“There were no exceptions,” he said. “All who are caught are investigated.”

In North Korea, a brutal choice

The torment of not recovering his father’s remains was much greater than the broken teeth and beatings, Song said. The beatings were so harsh, he said, he was close to death, and he believes that he was released so he would not die in custody.

More than bones, the guards’ treatment broke Song’s belief in the regime. He describes the moment he left jail as if a veil had been lifted: He saw the world with a new clarity. As he hobbled through the streets, wondering how he’d get home, he decided he wanted a different life. He decided to defect.

In a country of 25 million, only about 20,000 have defected and settled in South Korea, according to the South Korean government. There are no precise figures for how many defectors live in hiding in China; estimates from governments, researchers and non-governmental organizations vary from 25,000 to more than 400,000.

“When people are picked up in China and repatriated, they face prosecution back in North Korea if they are believed to have met with South Koreans or missionaries,” said Marcus Noland, a North Korea specialist at the Peterson Institute.

China labels North Korean escapees “economic migrants” and forcibly returns them despite accounts of torture and execution. So those hoping to defect must make their way across China to a third country.

Of those North Koreans interviewed in China, only about one in 10 say they left because of a longing for freedom, according to W. Courtland Robinson, a public health expert at Johns Hopkins University who has studied the issue for more than a decade.

The vast majority who leave give the same explanation Song did for his pre-defector forays into China during the famine: the search for work or food.

“The (North Korean) system is so integral to who you are,” Robinson said. “People generally don’t say ‘I am frustrated, and I want out.’ “

Song’s paintings explore that theme: a devotion to serving North Korea’s leaders so strong that citizens view it as part of their identity.

“Flower Children” shows a gaggle of smiling, uniformed schoolgirls waving and holding North Korea’s standard reading primers, “The Story of Kim Jong Il’s Childhood” and “History of Kim Il Sung.”

The girls exude childish charm, but some faces show a weariness that only comes with age, and their eyes are all closed. Their shoes have holes.

“They believe they are happy,” Song said. “They believe they are so much better off than the rest of the world because of their two leaders, who are like two suns.”

Song can still recite some of the pages from those reading primers, and he remembers walking to school in similar shoes.

Such memories inspire him to paint, he says, and he hopes people find his interpretations of those memories compelling.

“Tumen River” is done in classical Chinese style. At first glance, with its brushed mountain landscape, the painting looks like it could be from the Tang Dynasty. On closer inspection, its subtleties portray North Korea’s crippling poverty. Peasants work fields with oxen while nearby, a broken-down tractor rusts. Soldiers fish for their dinner downstream from women doing laundry by hand.

In the hills above the river are billboards common throughout North Korea, with phrases such as “All Glory To Our Nation’s Agricultural Independence” and “All Glory to Our Nation’s Great Strength.” Near the billboards, peasants dig for edible roots, which are commonly steamed in a kettle before being eaten.

“The past and the present of North Korea are the same,” Song said. “There is no progress.”

Despite the large and absolute devotion of most North Koreans to their government, Song is optimistic about their future under Kim Jong Un, who recently inherited the country’s reins after his father, the Dear Leader, died.

In a nation where every decision flows from the top, a change of leadership can transform everything.

“Kim Jong Un will want to try something new,” Song said. “You can not change the nature of youth.”

If Kim Jong Un allowed the population access to television, websites and radio from Seoul, with its opulent lifestyle, change would be inevitable, and the emotional connection to the government would gradually wither, Song believes.

Meanwhile, being caught with foreign media can mean public execution or three generations of your family being sent to prison camp. So few people outside the party elite dare to smuggle radios or DVDs from China.

But if those punishments were ever removed, Song says, North Koreans would probably lose their devotion to the regime as quickly as their Japanese neighbors stopped worshiping their emperor after World War II.

It would take only a clear view of the poverty and oppression in their life to spark cataclysmic demands for change, Song says. The spectacular failure of its command economy has made North Korea one of the poorest nations on Earth. By one plausible account, teenage defectors of the past decade are 5 inches shorter and 25 pounds lighter than their South Korean counterparts.

“I feel a great deal of anger now that I understand the problems” in North Korean society, he says. “I never felt it when I was there.”

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Why I won’t quit Facebook

Omar Gallaga says Facebook, despite its flaws, remains the easiest way for him to connect with friends and family.
Omar Gallaga says Facebook, despite its flaws, remains the easiest way for him to connect with friends and family.

Editor’s note: Omar L. Gallaga is a tech-culture reporter for the Austin American-Statesman and a technology contributor to CNN.com, NPR and Kirkus Reviews.

(CNN) — Flush with cash and drunk with power after its $100 billion IPO, Facebook could be caught secretly brainwashing millions of new users into signing up (mind-control hoodies, anyone?) — and still I might not quit the world’s largest social network.

Ridiculous scenario aside, I’m pretty serious. Despite ongoing privacy concerns and rumblings of a backlash, it would take something drastic to make me leave Facebook at this point.

More than just a daily habit, Facebook has become the place where I get important, often surprising glimpses into the lives of the 1,365 people with whom I’ve chosen to connect. (That’s not counting friends-of-friends, for Facebook’s tentacles are ever-extended).

I’m not always in love with Facebook, of course. I get frustrated with the social network like everyone else. Every six months, Facebook introduces some huge new design of its site or engages in privacy-eroding practices that send many of its users howling into the status-update box.

Omar L. Gallaga

They threaten to shut down their accounts, write furious blog posts and organize ridiculous movements such as Quit Facebook Day, which got less than 40,000 people to commit to deleting themselves — a tiny fraction of the network even back in 2010.

But, in large part, the people who say they’re leaving Facebook don’t. Or they quit and come back.

Me, I’m staying put. At this point, complaining about Facebook is like grousing about the electric company while watching TV, or saying how lousy politicians are but forgetting to vote. Facebook just is. It’s become an institution — one that’s going to be around for a long while — and all the missteps it’s made in its young, eight-year life have never prompted significant user defection.

Counterpoint: Why I quit Facebook, and am not looking back

Facebook is on track to hit a billion users sometime this year. A billion people. With just a few exceptions, that includes nearly every person I have ever worked with, a big chunk of my extended family, most of my friends going all the way back to elementary school and probably all the kids who were in my nursery at the hospital where I was born.

There’s critical mass, and then there’s Facebook, the Death Star that deflects every effort to blow it up. Facebook has won the social-media wars because it’s where all the people are. Those who have been waiting for something else to take its place, the way Facebook siphoned off the population of MySpace about five years ago, are still waiting. MySpace, even at its peak, never had the mainstream acceptance and durability of Facebook.

I post lots of random thoughts and news links on Twitter, share photos of my wanderings on Instagram and still check in on the increasingly hollow Google+ on a daily basis. But everything I post to those services also ends up on Facebook because it’s the platform that feels the most robust and future-proof.

Since Facebook introduced its controversial Timeline design last year, my important personal milestones (college graduation, marriage, the births of my daughters, the “Friday Night Lights” finale) all have neatly filed themselves into the digital record of my life.

That’s what Facebook wants, of course. But I’ve come to stop resisting its voracious appetite for personal information.

If I didn’t share, and my friends and relatives and co-workers didn’t share, I’d be less apt to know who just got engaged, who just celebrated a graduation or who in my online community just died suddenly. When my grandmother died earlier this year, it was the place my relatives posted photos of her I’d never seen before. It was where far-flung friends and family members offered their condolences for weeks after the funeral service.

Sure, we’ve seen the inevitable backlash as Facebook has grown to include everyone from your grandmother to that third-grade classmate you never really wanted to hear from again. But lately, it feels like the arguments in favor of leaving Mark Zuckerberg’s social network have gotten weaker as people become more resigned to the notion of a permanent Facebook.

When Facebook recently bought photo-sharing app Instagram for $1 billion, Instagram users vowed to quit, complaining that their precious little network had sold out to a monolithic company. (Funny, that didn’t stop Instagram from jumping from 30 million users to 50 million in about a month.)

Would-be competitors who have tried to take on Facebook have largely failed to gain traction. Path, which has a lovely interface and is more focused on smaller circles of friends, just hit 2 million users a few months ago. And Diaspora, the open-source, nonprofit that was supposed to threaten Facebook’s laissez-faire attitude toward privacy, has yet to crack half a million users.

Once Facebook has shareholders to answer to, things may change. But perhaps not as much as you’d expect. At a South by Southwest Interactive event in 2008, I saw Zuckerberg speak about his company to application developers. Even then, he stressed that the future of Facebook was not as a website or tool, but as a global communication platform upon which other things would be built. It’s been amazing to observe how little he’s veered from that vision during four years of astronomical growth.

If something is ever going to take the place of Facebook once the company gets so big and complacent that it loses focus, it will probably be something built on top of Facebook. Perhaps a mobile app that accesses the social network’s huge population, something Facebook-adjacent that takes what people like about Facebook and turns it into something more nimble and attractive than Facebook itself.

Maybe then I’ll think about pulling up stakes. Until then, I’m not leaving.

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How to watch the ‘ring of fire’ solar eclipse online

If you’re not lucky enough to live in the path of the May 20 “ring of fire” solar eclipse, you can still watch the spectacular event online.

Several different organizations will broadcast live footage of the solar eclipse Sunday, as seen through telescopes in various locations around the world. Viewers can track the eclipse as it moves from East Asia, crosses the Pacific and darkens the skies over much of western Northern America. SPACE.com will offer several of the solar eclipse webcasts for readers.

The Slooh Space Camera, for example, will stream live feeds from telescopes in Japan, California, Arizona, and New Mexico, starting at 5:30 p.m. EDT (2130 GMT). Viewers will be able to snap their own pictures of the eclipse via the website, Slooh officials said. To watch, go to Slooh’s homepage on Sunday.

Sunday’s celestial event is what’s known as an annular solar eclipse, in which the moon blocks most of the solar disk but leaves a ring of sunlight blazing around the moon’s circumference.

The full “ring of fire” effect will be visible to observers in parts of eight states in the western United States during the late afternoon and evening Sunday. Much of the rest of North America will be treated to a partial eclipse.

“The western United States will enjoy bizarre solar effects that only occur every few decades. In the annularity path, which will be about 147 miles (237 km) wide when hitting our shores, the black moon will stand like a bull’s-eye in front of the sun, its motion through space in-your-face obvious,” said astronomer Bob Berman, who will be a commentator on the Slooh Space Camera webcast, in a statement.

“In a wider zone that includes most western states, the sun becomes an eerie narrow crescent,” Berman added. “At maximum eclipse, the lighting on the ground will grow strange. Shadows of trees and bushes will contain thousands of tiny crescents, as spaces between leaves become pinhole cameras.”

Annular eclipses, whose name derives from the Latin “annulus,” or “little ring,” are similar to total eclipses in that they occur when the moon lines up dead-on with the sun. But in this case, the moon is near apogee ? the farthest point from Earth in its orbit around our planet ? so it’s too small in the sky to cover the sun’s face completely.

Slooh Space Camera is not the only skywatching website offering a free webcast of the solar eclipse.

The electronics company Panasonic will broadcast live eclipse footage from the top of Japan’s iconic Mt. Fuji, Sky and Telescope Magazine reports. The broadcast crew will scale the 12,390-foot (3,776-meter) peak with the aid of climbing guides.

Further, the Hong Kong Observatory and Hong Kong Space Museum are providing a joint feed, letting the world see the eclipse from the vantage point of the huge city in southern China.

Finally, Sky and Telescope reports, amateur astronomer Scotty Degenhart will broadcast from Nevada’s Area 51, a patch of desert about 80 miles (130 kilometers) northwest of Las Vegas. 

While nothing can quite compare to the beauty and grandeur of a total solar eclipse, annular eclipses are pretty spectacular in their own right. And all you have to do to watch Sunday’s is just log on to your computer.

Copyright 2012 SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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Silver Arrow back on track

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Michael Schumacher in the modern Silver Arrow while Mercedes teammate Nico Rosberg takes the wheel of the 1955 model. Michael Schumacher in the modern Silver Arrow while Mercedes teammate Nico Rosberg takes the wheel of the 1955 model.
China Grand Prix champion Nico Rosberg is the first Mercedes driver to win a Formula One race since Juan Manuel Fangio in Italy in 1955.China Grand Prix champion Nico Rosberg is the first Mercedes driver to win a Formula One race since Juan Manuel Fangio in Italy in 1955.
The two Germans will return home this weekend and help launch the new season of the DTM touring car series at Hockenheim. The two Germans will return home this weekend and help launch the new season of the DTM touring car series at Hockenheim.
Fangio, pictured in second place, races the original Silver Arrow at the Buenos Aires track in 1955. The Argentine didn't disappoint his home crowd, later taking the title.<br/><br/>Fangio, pictured in second place, races the original Silver Arrow at the Buenos Aires track in 1955. The Argentine didn’t disappoint his home crowd, later taking the title.
Fangio is mobbed by fans after winning the 1955 Italian Grand Prix. The racing legend had 24 wins and five world championships in a career spanning almost 20 years.<br/><br/>Fangio is mobbed by fans after winning the 1955 Italian Grand Prix. The racing legend had 24 wins and five world championships in a career spanning almost 20 years.
Fangio and Schumacher are the only drivers to have won three successive world championships, a feat Sebastain Vettel is hoping to match this year.Fangio and Schumacher are the only drivers to have won three successive world championships, a feat Sebastain Vettel is hoping to match this year.

(CNN) — It’s no wonder the illustrious Silver Arrow has a special place in the Mercedes team’s hearts. The car with the distinctive silver livery has delivered some of its greatest victories — from successive world championships in the 1950s to the China Grand Prix earlier this month.

Now a new generation of Mercedes stars will be paying homage to the racy little number — and its most famous driver — ahead of the DTM season opener this weekend.

Almost 57 years after F1 legend Juan Manual Fangio won the Italian Grand Prix in the Silver Arrow, driver Nico Rosberg will again be getting behind the wheel of the classic car.

Rosberg’s career-first F1 win at this month’s China Grand Prix is Mercedes’ first victory since Fangio in Italy in 1955.

And to mark the occasion, 26-year-old Rosberg will be taking the classic Mercedes W196 for a spin on Saturday before the DTM touring car series season opener at Hockenheim.

“I am absolutely delighted to be returning to Hockenheim as a Grand Prix winner,” he said on the Mercedes F1 website.

“Last year, I was able to drive a classic Silver Arrow on the famous Nurburgring Nordschleife, so now I’m really looking forward to climbing into the cockpit of Juan Manuel Fangio’s phenomenal W196 streamliner from Monza in 1955 and driving a few laps at Hockenheim.

“It means a lot to me that we have written a new chapter in the wonderful history of Mercedes in motorsport — and that there is plenty more still to come.”

The German follows in the footsteps of F1 racing father Keke, who won the world title with Williams in 1982.

However he still has some catching up to do to his famous Finnish father who collected five race wins in a nine-season career from 1978 to 1986.

“I have great memories of the DTM,” Rosberg said.

“The earliest date back to when my father was still racing. Then I started competing in the various junior classes that are staged as part of the DTM race weekend as I started out on my own motorsport career. A lot has happened in the meantime, and the highlight so far was obviously my win in China one week ago.”

Rosberg, who failed to repeat his performance in last week’s Bahrain Grand Prix, finishing fifth, will be joined on the track by fellow Mercedes driver Michael Schumacher.

The seven-time world champion, who finished 10th in Bahrain, will be behind the wheel of the 2011 Silver Arrow MGP W02 on Sunday.

“After a busy start to the Formula One season with four flyaway races in succession, it will be nice to come back to Germany,” said Schumacher, whose younger brother Ralf — a former F1 competitor — drives in the DTM series.

“I’m especially looking forward to the chance to give the fans a taste of a Formula One Silver Arrow in action. This will be my first visit to a DTM race in 20 years, and I hope that my brother and his fellow Mercedes-Benz drivers will get their season off to a great start.”

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Musician’s passionate journey

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Sarah Chang is cited among the best violinists performing in the world today. Since her debut with the New York Philharmonic at the age of eight, she has appeared across the music capitals of Asia, Europe and America. Sarah Chang is cited among the best violinists performing in the world today. Since her debut with the New York Philharmonic at the age of eight, she has appeared across the music capitals of Asia, Europe and America.
Now 31 years old, Chang picked up the violin when she was just four, having already grown tired of the household piano. Quickly recognized as a child prodigy, Chang had signed to EMI Classics before she'd even reached double digits.

Now 31 years old, Chang picked up the violin when she was just four, having already grown tired of the household piano. Quickly recognized as a child prodigy, Chang had signed to EMI Classics before she’d even reached double digits.

Still in her early 20s, Chang is seen here clutching her priceless 17th-century "Guarneri del Gesu" violin, given to her as a present by the late Ukrainian violinist and conductor Isaac Stern, who had a reputation for discovering new talent.

Still in her early 20s, Chang is seen here clutching her priceless 17th-century “Guarneri del Gesu” violin, given to her as a present by the late Ukrainian violinist and conductor Isaac Stern, who had a reputation for discovering new talent.

A life dedicated to the formality of classical music is very different from a life led in the frenetic city of Buenos Aires -- where racy murals decorate the streets and the sound of tango music echoes in the air. But this is where Chang had chosen to fly for her Fusion Journey. A life dedicated to the formality of classical music is very different from a life led in the frenetic city of Buenos Aires — where racy murals decorate the streets and the sound of tango music echoes in the air. But this is where Chang had chosen to fly for her Fusion Journey.
There she met with local ensemble "Orquesta Tipica Andariega" (pictured), a band steeped in the traditions of tango. Together they would create a new piece of music inspired by this meeting of cultures. There she met with local ensemble “Orquesta Tipica Andariega” (pictured), a band steeped in the traditions of tango. Together they would create a new piece of music inspired by this meeting of cultures.
But first Chang, who confesses to be the owner of "two left feet," would take a lesson in the other side of tango -- dance. Over the course of her practice, she discovered that the dance moves have an "intimate relationship with the music," which she would later draw on to enhance her musical performance.But first Chang, who confesses to be the owner of “two left feet,” would take a lesson in the other side of tango — dance. Over the course of her practice, she discovered that the dance moves have an “intimate relationship with the music,” which she would later draw on to enhance her musical performance.
Out of her customary ball gown, Chang donned an outfit more befitting of a small local tango club, hidden along a narrow backstreet in Buenos Aires.Out of her customary ball gown, Chang donned an outfit more befitting of a small local tango club, hidden along a narrow backstreet in Buenos Aires.
Here, accompanied by "Orquesta Tipica Andariega," she performed a tango standard, incorporating a solo violinist twist adapted especially for the fusion. Looking back, she says she was touched by the intimacy between the performers and the audience -- an experience she is unfamiliar with in the world's giant concert halls.Here, accompanied by “Orquesta Tipica Andariega,” she performed a tango standard, incorporating a solo violinist twist adapted especially for the fusion. Looking back, she says she was touched by the intimacy between the performers and the audience — an experience she is unfamiliar with in the world’s giant concert halls.
Now, she says she tries to retain that Buenos Aires-style intimacy wherever she plays. "I try to connect with every single last person in the balcony on an emotional and personal level."Now, she says she tries to retain that Buenos Aires-style intimacy wherever she plays. “I try to connect with every single last person in the balcony on an emotional and personal level.”

Editor’s note: Part culture show, part travel show, over six weeks Fusion Journeys takes six stars of the creative world on a journey of discovery to a location of their choice. There, they will learn from a different culture and create something new inspired by their experience. Watch the show every Monday, Wednesday and Friday from April 9 to May 18, during Connect The World, from 20:00 GMT.

(CNN) — Since her debut with the New York Philharmonic at the age of eight, Sarah Chang has grown through the weight of expectation to become one of the world’s great violinists.

Now aged 31, Chang was born in Philadelphia to a composer and music teacher of Korean descent. She first dabbled with the piano at the age of three, before opting for the violin a year later. By five she had been accepted into New York’s prestigious Juilliard School for Performing Arts.

By her own acknowledgment, the world of grand orchestras and opera houses that she has so long inhabited can be “very formal” and “exclusive.” This perhaps goes some way to explain her choice of destination for her “Fusion Journey” challenge: Buenos Aires.

Here, in the hot-blooded Argentinean capital, she would meet with local band “Orquesta Tipica Andariega,” to learn first-hand the sensual and mysterious art of tango.

See more Fusion Journeys

During her visit, Chang was challenged to produce a fusion of sound that blended the traditions of Western classical music with tango’s emotionally raw and folksy heritage. She says that the process has given her performance a new-found sense of intimacy that she’s carried ever since.

In her own words, Chang tells the story of her Fusion Journey.

Sarah Chang: I’ve been trained as a classical violinist my entire life. It’s all about structure, all about technique. It’s very much a polished profession. But tango music, although it has some classical elements, is very sexy and rough and, in a way, from the earth.

When you walk along the streets of Buenos Aires, fun is in the air. You see children with barely anything on their feet playing soccer, and there is music on every corner. They are playing all sorts of Latin sounds; they’re all dancing and drinking; they’re enjoying life; they are loving life.

One of the cornerstones of tango is definitely the dancing, so I first met up with dance instructor Nora Schvartz.

Now, I’m not really a dancer. I’m a very physical performer when I’m on stage, but of course tango is a completely different thing to thrusting around when you’re performing as a violinist.

I learned that the best tango dancers move not just with their legs and arms, but from their guts. That’s the sign of a true art form, and it’s the source of so much beauty, so much soul and passion.

Even though I absolutely cannot dance — just watch the footage! — I always thought that to experience the whole picture, you really have to open up your vulnerabilities, and sort of take that risk.

There I was, playing songs I’d never played before, alongside instruments I’d never heard before, with a group I’d never met before
Sarah Chang, violinist

Read related: Photographer’s Lapland journey highlights global warming

Tango is — in a sense — imperfect … albeit beautifully imperfect. It’s not about being always metronomically on time, it’s about spontaneity and freedom.

I’ve worked, of course, with a piano and an orchestra before — but never with a band. All of a sudden I find myself rehearsing with the “Orquesta Tipica Andariega,” an extremely talented local tango group. So there I was, playing songs I’d never played before, alongside instruments I’d never heard before, with a group I’d never met before — it was thrilling!

The piece we chose for our fusion was by Carlos Gardel — the biggest name in the history of tango. The tune itself is very famous — it’s used in all these movies, you name it, any famous tango scene. But as far as I know, there is no version for a band with a solo violinist, so I asked a composer friend of mine to make an arrangement for us.

I was really thrilled with the result. We performed it in this intimate little club and it felt so immediate. Everyone was there, drinking wine, dancing, looking so happy. There were no rigid rules, none of this “clap here, oh you have to be quiet here.” Instead, the audience were whistling and yelling and clapping along — it felt like they were right up there with us.

Literally, if I just stretched my arm, I could touch them, they were so close. That sort of intimacy, that sort of physical closeness, the fact that they were dancing when we were playing, I just thought was so beautiful.

I try to connect with every single last person in the balcony on an emotional and personal level
Sarah Chang, violinist

“Fusions” can often turn out badly — I can think of some fusion cuisine that I wish I could forget! But when each side brings just the right balance of their experience, their culture and personality, then I think it can be magical — and the only way you know it has worked is when everyone has a smile on their face.

Classical music is one of the world’s longest-standing traditional forms of music-making out there — and I don’t think it will, or should, change over night. There is a sort of purity in what classical musicians do that I cherish very much and want to preserve.

But the big thing that I really took from this experience is that sense of connecting with the audience. Quite often, in grand concert halls where everyone is wearing elegant ball gowns and black tails — that kind of old-Hollywood glamor — it can feel like there is a big distance between the audience and the performers, a sense of “look, but don’t touch.”

But with Argentinean tango, it’s the opposite. They are saying “please touch, please come into and share my world.” Now, every concert that I do, I try to utilize that, I try to connect with every single last person in the balcony on an emotional and personal level.

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F1 teams snub share flotation idea

Martin Whitmarsh replaced Ron Dennis as McLaren team principal in March 2009.
Martin Whitmarsh replaced Ron Dennis as McLaren team principal in March 2009.

(CNN) — From the outside, Formula One looks like a sport brimming with money, with millions of dollars spent on cars, sponsorship and the rights to host races.

But in reality many of the 12 teams on the grid are struggling to survive, and F1 supremo Bernie Ecclestone is reportedly considering a flotation on the stock exchange in an attempt to raise much-needed funds.

The possibility of such a measure, however, has not been backed by some of the elite motorsport’s most influential players — including bosses of the McLaren and Ferrari teams.

“The fact is at the moment, we all know in this room that there’s a lot of Formula One teams that are struggling to survive,” McLaren team principal Martin Whitmarsh told a press conference after Friday’s practice sessions for the Malaysian Grand Prix. “Which tells us we’re not doing enough, and that’s why we’ve got to keep pushing it.”

How victory cost Force India $1.3 million

Australian Grand Prix: March 18, Melbourne<br/><br/>2012 champion: Jenson Button, McLarenAustralian Grand Prix: March 18, Melbourne

2012 champion: Jenson Button, McLaren

Malaysian Grand Prix: March 25, Kuala Lumpur <br/><br/>2012 champion: Fernando Alonso, FerrariMalaysian Grand Prix: March 25, Kuala Lumpur

2012 champion: Fernando Alonso, Ferrari

Chinese Grand Prix: April 15, Shanghai <br/><br/>Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLarenChinese Grand Prix: April 15, Shanghai

Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLaren

Bahrain Grand Prix: April 22, Sakhir <br/><br/>2012 champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullBahrain Grand Prix: April 22, Sakhir

2012 champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Spanish Grand Prix: May 13, Catalunya <br/><br/>2012 champion: Pastor Maldonado, WilliamsSpanish Grand Prix: May 13, Catalunya

2012 champion: Pastor Maldonado, Williams

Monaco Grand Prix: May 27, Monte Carlo <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullMonaco Grand Prix: May 27, Monte Carlo

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Canadian Grand Prix: June 10, Montreal <br/><br/>Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLarenCanadian Grand Prix: June 10, Montreal

Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLaren

European Grand Prix: June 24, Valencia <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullEuropean Grand Prix: June 24, Valencia

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

British Grand Prix: July 8, Silverstone <br/><br/>Defending champion: Fernando Alonso, FerrariBritish Grand Prix: July 8, Silverstone

Defending champion: Fernando Alonso, Ferrari

German Grand Prix: July 22, Hockenheim <br/><br/>Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLarenGerman Grand Prix: July 22, Hockenheim

Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLaren

Hungarian Grand Prix: July 29, Budapest <br/><br/>Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLarenHungarian Grand Prix: July 29, Budapest

Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLaren

Belgian Grand Prix: September 2, Spa <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullBelgian Grand Prix: September 2, Spa

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Italian Grand Prix: September 9, Monza <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullItalian Grand Prix: September 9, Monza

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Singapore Grand Prix: September 23, Singapore <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullSingapore Grand Prix: September 23, Singapore

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Japanese Grand Prix: October 7, Suzuka <br/><br/>Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLarenJapanese Grand Prix: October 7, Suzuka

Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLaren

Korean Grand Prix: October 14, Yeongam <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullKorean Grand Prix: October 14, Yeongam

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Indian Grand Prix: October 28, New Delhi <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullIndian Grand Prix: October 28, New Delhi

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Abu Dhabi Grand Prix: November 4, Yas Marina <br/><br/>Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLaren<br/><br/>Abu Dhabi Grand Prix: November 4, Yas Marina

Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLaren

United States Grand Prix: November 18, Austin <br/><br/>Defending champion: NAUnited States Grand Prix: November 18, Austin

Defending champion: NA

Brazilian Grand Prix: Sao Paulo, November 25 <br/><br/>Defending champion: Mark Webber, Red BullBrazilian Grand Prix: Sao Paulo, November 25

Defending champion: Mark Webber, Red Bull

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Formula One 2012: The circuitsFormula One 2012: The circuits

The 2012 Formula One season sees the introduction of a four-hour limit for races, following last year's rain-delayed marathon in Canada. Charlie Whiting, the FIA's race director, explained the decision, telling the sport's official website: "Should four hours elapse during a future race, drivers will receive a signal telling them they have one more lap before the checkered flag."The 2012 Formula One season sees the introduction of a four-hour limit for races, following last year’s rain-delayed marathon in Canada. Charlie Whiting, the FIA’s race director, explained the decision, telling the sport’s official website: “Should four hours elapse during a future race, drivers will receive a signal telling them they have one more lap before the checkered flag.”

Teams can no longer use engine exhaust to produce large amounts of downforce -- a practice which has been prevalent for the last two years in the form of blown diffusers. Now exhaust pipes must exit in a defined area at the back of the car, not run along its underbelly. Teams can no longer use engine exhaust to produce large amounts of downforce — a practice which has been prevalent for the last two years in the form of blown diffusers. Now exhaust pipes must exit in a defined area at the back of the car, not run along its underbelly.

Many of this year's cars feature a dramatic stepped-nose design. Whiting said this is to make sure the height of the nose was lower than the sides of the cockpit, therefore reducing the risk to the driver in the event of a collision.Many of this year’s cars feature a dramatic stepped-nose design. Whiting said this is to make sure the height of the nose was lower than the sides of the cockpit, therefore reducing the risk to the driver in the event of a collision.

In previous seasons, cars had to pass crash tests in order to compete in races. Now, cars must pass the FIA's 18 mandatory tests before the official preseason test events. "It is indefensible to have drivers testing cars in the winter that haven't met the safety standards we demand for a race," said Whiting.In previous seasons, cars had to pass crash tests in order to compete in races. Now, cars must pass the FIA’s 18 mandatory tests before the official preseason test events. “It is indefensible to have drivers testing cars in the winter that haven’t met the safety standards we demand for a race,” said Whiting.

As bizarre as it may sound, drivers have been told not to drive off the race track without good reason. "We've seen drivers taking shortcuts on in and out laps, either to save time or fuel," explained Whiting.As bizarre as it may sound, drivers have been told not to drive off the race track without good reason. “We’ve seen drivers taking shortcuts on in and out laps, either to save time or fuel,” explained Whiting.

Pit stops are a crucial part of F1, and a race can be won or lost depending on how quickly the crew are able to replace a car's tires. In an attempt to save valuable time, teams have been known to power their wheel guns with compressed helium instead of air. But not anymore. "It saved fractions of a second," Whiting said. "It would have been a very expensive method of gaining no advantage."Pit stops are a crucial part of F1, and a race can be won or lost depending on how quickly the crew are able to replace a car’s tires. In an attempt to save valuable time, teams have been known to power their wheel guns with compressed helium instead of air. But not anymore. “It saved fractions of a second,” Whiting said. “It would have been a very expensive method of gaining no advantage.”

The gulf in class between some cars means that the leading drivers often lap back-markers during a race. The safety car is deployed if there has been an accident on track or if conditions become dangerous. Drivers are not allowed to overtake each other under such conditions, but in 2012 strugglers will be able to un-lap themselves by going past the safety car and reforming at the back of the field.The gulf in class between some cars means that the leading drivers often lap back-markers during a race. The safety car is deployed if there has been an accident on track or if conditions become dangerous. Drivers are not allowed to overtake each other under such conditions, but in 2012 strugglers will be able to un-lap themselves by going past the safety car and reforming at the back of the field.

Each driver is allowed 11 sets of tires to use over the course of a race weekend, but they must last through practice, Saturday qualifying and Sunday's race. Previously teams could only use three of their sets during Friday practice, but they will now be able to use as many as they like.Each driver is allowed 11 sets of tires to use over the course of a race weekend, but they must last through practice, Saturday qualifying and Sunday’s race. Previously teams could only use three of their sets during Friday practice, but they will now be able to use as many as they like.

The highlight of any grand prix is seeing drivers attempt daring, fast-paced overtaking maneuvers. But now, when a driver has someone behind them, they are allowed to make only one defensive move to protect their position. This rule is to prevent potentially dangerous blocking strategies.The highlight of any grand prix is seeing drivers attempt daring, fast-paced overtaking maneuvers. But now, when a driver has someone behind them, they are allowed to make only one defensive move to protect their position. This rule is to prevent potentially dangerous blocking strategies.

Formula One rule changes for 2012Formula One rule changes for 2012

British team Williams became the first F1 team to float on the stock exchange in March 2011, but Whitmarsh’s Ferrari counterpart Stefano Domenicali also voiced his concern at the possibility of F1 taking a similar step.

“Thank God that our (Ferrari’s) situation is very good in terms of our financial position for the future,” he said. “But we know that the situation of Formula One is not so stable.

“We know that there’s a lot of struggle around, so we need to put aside our self-interest a little bit to make sure that we can look ahead. Because this is a very critical period where … we know that it’s very tough.”

But not all teams agree that spending should be regulated by the sport’s global governing body, the FIA.

Austrian-owned Red Bull have dominated F1 for the last two years, claiming back-to-back drivers’ and constructors’ championships.

Red Bull’s team principal Christian Horner welcomed the possibility of further talks on the issue, but hoped a different solution could be found.

“Hopefully with some productive discussion going forward a solution can be found to make Formula One cost-controlled for the top teams, but also make it affordable for the teams in the middle of the grid and at the back of the grid,” he said.

There’s a lot of Formula One teams that are struggling to survive
Martin Whitmarsh

“The cost of being competitive in Formula One at present is too high. I don’t think anyone will dispute that. The debate is how we achieve it.”

It was a good day on track for McLaren, as 2008 world champion Lewis Hamilton set the fastest time in both practice sessions ahead of Sunday’s race in Malaysia.

The British driver was on pole position for last weekend’s season-opening Australian Grand Prix and he once again showed his pace, edging out Mercedes’ seven-time world champion Michael Schumacher in the afternoon run.

“It’s been a good day for me,” said Hamilton, who finished third in Melbourne last Sunday.

“We’ve made a few changes to the balance of the car since the last race and I’m much happier — but we’ll still be making changes to improve our long-run pace, which can always be better.”

Hamilton’s teammate Jenson Button was victorious in Australia and he was quick again, registering the third-fastest time at the Sepang International Circuit.

Schumacher’s fellow German and Mercedes teammate Nico Rosberg was fourth, ahead of Toro Rosso’s Australian driver Daniel Ricciardo.

Double title winner Sebastian Vettel of Red Bull, who has taken the checkered flag at the last two races in Malaysia, was down in 10th after placing second in the opening session.

His teammate Mark Webber was seventh, one place behind Ferrari’s two-time Sepang champion Fernando Alonso.

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2-Minute expert: Can I get a smartphone without a contract?

Taxes, dental exams, cellphone contracts ? things you hate but can’t avoid.

Actually, you can skip the last one.

The subsidized price of a fancy phone (sometimes a third or less of what it costs otherwise) is the golden handcuff that holds you in a contract. But with prices on good smartphones dropping and plenty of used smartphones for sale, BYOD ? bring your own device ? is now an option.

Don’t wireless providers require contracts?

Not always. In fact, there is a whole class of “no-contract” (sometimes called “prepaid”) providers such as Boost Mobile and Virgin Mobile. Both have solid national coverage at rates about half those of contract plans (unlimited calling, texting and data at $55 per month on Boost, for example). Major carriers like Verizon also have no-contract options. You have to buy the phone outright, but respectable Android smartphones, for example, range from $200 to $300 ? not much more than with a contract, and an amount you would soon save in lower monthly bills.

At the end of May, Virgin is introducing superfast “4G” wireless service with the HTC EVO V 4G. (Yes, that’s a lot of letters!) It has high-end features that include a 4.3-inch screen, the latest “Ice Cream Sandwich” version of Android and even a 3D camera, for $300.

What if I want a bigger selection?

You can buy the latest and greatest outright and put it on some networks, often with 4G service. Verizon, for example, sells its Droid 4 (a 4G phone) for $550. Or buy direct from the maker. Apple iPhones range from $375 for an 8GB iPhone 3Gs (a new device, but with 2009 technology) to $650 for a 16GB iPhone 4s. Samsung’s new Galaxy Nexus Android phone is $400.

Not cheap, but in exchange for the higher price of the phone, you can leave the carrier at any time without an early termination fee (up to $350). And you can sell the phone through a service such as uSell.com (for example, that iPhone 4s currently fetches up to $315).

You can also buy used. On eBay, a used iPhone 4 (16GB) sells for about $275 and an iPhone 4s goes for about $400 to $500. The popular Samsung Galaxy S II Android phone is around $300.

Can I take a phone from one carrier to the next?

Sometimes. Sprint and Verizon accept only new or used phones made for their networks. With AT&T and T-Mobile, you can often buy a SIM card to activate a phone on either carrier’s network. (This is currently the only way to use an iPhone with T-Mobile.) You can often install SIMs from international carriers when you travel. If you frequently go abroad, savings on international roaming could make up for buying a phone outright.

But the phone has to be “unlocked.” That’s rare for models originally bought on contract (though AT&#T now unlocks iPhones at the end of a contract). Phones bought new from the makers, such as the iPhone and Galaxy Nexus, are generally unlocked. For a small fee from Web services, you can get a code and instructions to unlock a BlackBerry.

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Best and worst jobs for your health

A healthy job is about more than just avoiding hazards, like dangerous material and machines.

Employees need respect, benefits, wellness incentives, and control over their work, says L. Casey Chosewood, MD, senior medical officer for the Total Worker Health program at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. “What matters equally is the quality of life away from work, and how we can protect and grow that.”

Every job and employer is different, but there are ways to make any job healthier. Try borrowing strategies from our list of the best, then read on for the worst.

Fitness instructor

Best
It makes sense that careers that require exercise would be among the healthiest. Monster.com?s list of 10 healthy professions, for example, includes yoga instructor, choreographer, running coach, and personal trainer.

These jobs offer positive interactions with others, creativity, and flexibility with your schedule, says Monster.com career and finance expert, Dona DeZube. But you may not have health insurance. “Usually, unless you own a studio or are a full-time employee somewhere, you?re not going to be getting benefits,” she says. “You’ll have to pay for your own health insurance.”

Software engineer

Best
Staring at a computer all day might not seem healthy, but software engineers are doing something right. The position topped both CareerCast.com’s Best Jobs list (software engineer) and CareerBliss.com’s Happiest Jobs list (software quality assurance engineer was first; software engineer, 15th) for 2012.

“Those are the places people want to work, the Googles, the Intels, the more progressive companies that hold their workers accountable for the work they produce, not necessarily the hours they spend in the office,” says Dr. Chosewood.

Sitting all day can have drawbacks. Some companies are experimenting with standing desks and conference rooms, and treadmill workstations.

Florist

Best
Florists earned a spot on Monster.com’s 10 healthy professions list. “Being around plants and nature has been shown to reduce stress and blood pressure,” says DeZube. Benefits probably extend to horticulturists, gardeners, and landscapers too, she adds.

“It can be tremendously rewarding, to make a lasting impression on your customers at important moments in their lives,” says Jayne Eastwick, 54, of Eastwick’s Florist in Edgewater Park, N.J.

Still, deadlines are tight and can be stressful, she says, and carpal tunnel syndrome and back pain (from standing and lugging heavy buckets) aren’t uncommon.

Insurance workers

Best
Employer-sponsored health insurance is a key part of workplace health, so companies in the business have a leg up. Three of the 12 Well Workplace Awards given out in 2012 by the Wellness Council of America went to health insurance companies.

Actuaries, who often work as statistical analysts for insurance companies, were ranked second in CareerCast’s Best Jobs 2012 list, due to its low level of stress and physical demands. The job also earned a spot on Monster.com’s 2012 Best Careers for Right Now list because of its low unemployment levels?a sure boost for workers’ emotional health.

Allied health professional

Best
Several of CareerCast.com’s top jobs for 2012 are in the health field: Medical records technician took first in the Least Stressful Jobs list, followed by medical laboratory technician in fifth place and dietitian in eight, while dental hygienist and occupational therapist were fourth and seventh on the overall Best Jobs list.

These people?unlike hospital doctors and nurses?often work in office environments or labs with more regular hours and predictability, says Dr. Chosewood. And because their careers focus on some aspect of health, they’re more likely to implement healthy habits into their own lives.

Government employees

Best
Federal, state, and city workers often have generous benefits packages compared to those in the private sector, including holidays off and ample vacation time. And because government offices are often responsible for implementing wellness programs and initiatives, their workplaces and employees are often among the first to take advantage of them.

But government work is highly variable, particularly on the local level. Public safety and construction workers, doctors and nurses, and schoolteachers don’t necessarily work in work in particularly low-stress or safe environments.

Administrative assistant

Best
Office administrative assistants and support staff had the fewest reported injuries and illnesses in a University of Georgia 2012 study.

“There is certainly a level of control that comes with the predictability of a job that’s in an office setting, where you come in and you leave at the same time every day and pretty much know what to expect every day,” says Dr. Chosewood. However, overuse injuries from typing, back pain from sitting, and weight gain from an inactive lifestyle are a risk.

And these positions aren’t for everyone; prone to overwork and under-appreciation, they can trigger depression.

Small business employee

Best
A big company can have perks?benefits, advancement, resources?but may feel impersonal and uninspiring to some. For these people, small businesses may be more fulfilling.

A 2012 study found that U.S. counties with more locally-owned businesses are healthier overall?lower mortality, obesity, and diabetes rates?than those with larger companies.

“Working for a small business can be good for morale,” says Dr. Chosewood. Entrepreneurial, highly energetic owners may be dedicated to their own health and the health of their employees, although it can be challenging for very small businesses to provide benefits and wellness programs, he adds.
_________________________________________________
More From Health.com:
10 Careers With High Rates of Depression

8 Types of Work-Related Stress

10 Ways Your Job Can Hurt Your Heart
_________________________________________________

Unhealthiest jobs

Blue-collar or white-collar, indoors or out; creative or mundane?every profession has its health risks. Some have dangerous working conditions, while others can slowly chip away at your mental and physical health with long hours, high stress, and depressing work environments.

We rounded up a few of each type, but these jobs aren’t hopeless, says Dr. Chosewood, who works to help employers of all industries and backgrounds improve their work environments. “When a company really invests in the wellbeing of its employees, almost any job can be made significantly healthier.” (Visit this CDC site for more on healthy workplaces.)

Firefighter/Police officer

Worst
Both of these professions have high rates of injuries, illnesses, and on-the-job fatalities, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics?but that’s not the only reason they made this list. “Emergency responder jobs are very stressful,” says Dr. Chosewood. “More firefighters actually die of heart attacks on the job than they do from going into burning buildings. It’s the unpredictability, having to go from zero to 100 on very short notice; you have to be on high alert at all times.”

Long hours, sleep deprivation, and poor eating habits at work also threaten the health of these workers.

Desk jockey

Worst
Nine-to-fivers may not face the immediate danger of say, the police officer, but a growing body of evidence suggests that the sedentary, indoor lifestyle of office workers is still among the top threats to long-term health and wellness.

Sitting all day has been linked to back pain, repetitive stress injuries, obesity, an increased risk of heart disease, and a shorter lifespan?even among people who squeeze in exercise before or after work.

What can you do? Protect yourself by taking frequent breaks during the day and getting outside for a brisk walk and some fresh air.

Manual laborer

Worst
Jobs working with heavy objects or machinery are risky. There were 65,040 cases of injuries and illness among laborers, stock, and material movers in 2010, a higher number than any other job.

“Some of the more traditional areas of hazardous hard labor?agriculture, fishing, mining, farming?continue to be high-risk jobs, as well, although they now make up smaller portions of the population than they used to,” says Dr. Chosewood.

Other jobs high on the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ injury and illness list were garbage collectors and highway maintenance workers. CareerCast.com named one occupation?lumberjack?as its Worst Job for 2012.

Lawyer

Worst
Lawyers have higher rates of stress and depression than the general public. A 2007 survey found only four out of 10 lawyers would recommend the career.

“I was one of the lucky ones,” says Steven J. Harper, 57, adjunct professor at Northwestern University School of Law and author of the upcoming book, The Lawyer Bubble. “I enjoyed a happy and satisfying career in what has become an increasingly unhappy profession.”

Lawyers bill by the hour, which promotes long days, says Harper, who also blogs. Young professionals don’t have much autonomy?if they can even get a job, he adds.

Healthcare shift workers

Worst
Ironically, those who are tasked with keeping the rest of us healthy often aren’t in positions to easily do the same for themselves. Shift workers?nurses and ER doctors, for example?face threats including sleep disorders, elevated stress hormones, and increased risks of diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome, and heart disease.

In a 2012 study published in the Journal of Nursing Administration, about 55% of nurses surveyed were obese. Those who worked long hours, and those whose jobs required less physical activity, were at greatest risk.

Service and retail employees

Worst
In terms of healthcare access and employer-sponsored benefit plans, it’s the low-wage workers across several industries?especially service and retail?who are at the highest risk of being left out. “Even if insurance is offered for purchase, many of these workers can’t afford it and instead opt to go without,” says Dr. Chosewood.

These jobs?including cashiers, retail salespeople, and restaurant servers?can also be thankless and unrewarding, as well as physically stressful. Women in the food-service profession are more likely to be depressed than those in other careers.

Enlisted soldier

Worst
This profession, named the Most Stressful Job for 2012 by CareerCast.com, involves extreme physical demands, life and death decisions, and long periods of time away from family. That puts active members of the armed services in an unhealthy position, says Dr. Chosewood, whether or not they see combat.

Bullying and psychological abuse from peers and supervisors happen more frequently in the military than in other industries.

Soldiers can also be prone to post-traumatic stress disorder and other problems; a 2012 study found suicide rates among active Army soldiers rose sharply between 2004 and 2008.

Transportation workers

Worst
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, transit and intercity bus drivers had the highest rate of injuries and illnesses of all occupations measured in 2010, and light and delivery truck drivers weren’t that far behind.

Bus, truck, and taxi drivers face long hours behind the wheel, often breathing in exhaust fumes or eating unhealthy fast food.

Sleep problems and on-the-job sleepiness are common among transportation professionals (which can include pilots and train operators). And then there’s the biggest threat of all: Motor-vehicle accidents are consistently the leading cause of workplace fatalities in the United States.

Healthy or unhealthy?

Not all jobs fit neatly in a category. What makes you happy also contributes to your overall health, says DeZube. “One woman’s happiness is another woman’s misery,” says DeZube. Even red flags, like long hours and stressful environments, may be just fine for people who thrive on the energy.

“If I’m a yoga studio owner and wake up at 4 a.m. with a great idea for a new class, that’s healthy,” she says. “It’s not healthy when you wake up at 4 a.m. thinking negative thoughts about the boss or the job.”

The following jobs have the potential to be the best?or the worst?depending on the individual.

Freelancer/self-employed worker

Best and Worst
More people are trading in their office jobs for the paycheck-by-uncertain-paycheck life of the self-employed.

“At my old job, there were days I literally didn’t see the sun,” says freelance writer Sharon Liao, 33, of Brooklyn, NY. “I had no time for exercise; I would come home make a sandwich, and collapse into bed.” Now she sets her own schedule, eats healthier, and can go for a bike ride during the day.

But she’s also tempted to work longer hours. “It’s too easy now to check email and wind up working another hour before bed.” Another challenge? Affordable health insurance. “It’s complicated and expensive,” she says.

Corporate executive

Best and Worst
The higher you climb the corporate ladder, the higher your salary and benefits may go as well. But so can the hours and stress.

“We know that too many hours at work takes away hours that could be used for health-promoting activities,” says Dr. Chosewood. “Often senior leaders have these very driven, Type-A personalities?something that’s already associated with increased heart disease risk.” Highly driven people may not keep up with health screenings or pay attention to symptoms.

Bottom line: Find the right position to suit your personality?and take care of yourself both on and off the clock?to be a productive, happier, and healthier employee.

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Olympic mission to Mt. Everest

Scaling Everest honors 1924 Olympic vow

(CNN) — In 1922 a team of British explorers set off on a historic first attempt to climb the world’s highest mountain. They never reached the top of Mount Everest, but their incredible feat of scaling within 2,000 feet of the summit was considered so groundbreaking they were each awarded an Olympic gold medal.

Bowed but unbroken, climber Lt. Col. Edward Strutt made a pledge that at the very next opportunity one of the gold medals would be taken to the top of the world — the summit his team never saw.

Almost 90 years later, that dream is finally being realized as British climber Kenton Cool attempts to carry one of the medals to the peak of Mount Everest. CNN caught up with Kenton at base camp, where he is tweeting about his climb in real time.

Follow Kenton’s Samsung Olympic Games Pledge online

With less than 100 days until the London Olympics, it’s a touching tribute to the British men who captured the nation’s imagination.

iReporter Udayan Mishra captures trekkers as they walk their final steps to reach Annapurna base camp in Nepal.iReporter Udayan Mishra captures trekkers as they walk their final steps to reach Annapurna base camp in Nepal.

"This photo was taken on a dawn hike up to Kala Patthar, towards the end of a two-week trek from Lukla to Everest Base Camp. It is about minus 30 degrees Celsius without taking into consideration the wind chill. A truly spectacular region - I can't wait to go back," says iReporter Ruth Stewart.“This photo was taken on a dawn hike up to Kala Patthar, towards the end of a two-week trek from Lukla to Everest Base Camp. It is about minus 30 degrees Celsius without taking into consideration the wind chill. A truly spectacular region – I can’t wait to go back,” says iReporter Ruth Stewart.

"Beholding the sunrise taking its time was an amazing experience and was worth all the walk uphill. The Fishtail Mountain, 6,997 meters (22,950 feet) on left, seemed to have been waiting for the first rays of sunshine to fall on it for quite some time," says iReporter Udayan Mishra.“Beholding the sunrise taking its time was an amazing experience and was worth all the walk uphill. The Fishtail Mountain, 6,997 meters (22,950 feet) on left, seemed to have been waiting for the first rays of sunshine to fall on it for quite some time,” says iReporter Udayan Mishra.

iReporter Ruth Stewart says her two-week trek to Everest Base Camp was one of the most challenging treks she has ever done.iReporter Ruth Stewart says her two-week trek to Everest Base Camp was one of the most challenging treks she has ever done.

iReporter Joseph Orona took this photograph of Mount Everest from a commercial aircraft flying from Lhasa, Tibet, to Kathmandu, Nepal.iReporter Joseph Orona took this photograph of Mount Everest from a commercial aircraft flying from Lhasa, Tibet, to Kathmandu, Nepal.

"I first trekked in Nepal in the early 1980s. Without doubt, Himalayan glaciers in Nepal have shrunk dramatically during this period," says iReporter Barry Wenlock.“I first trekked in Nepal in the early 1980s. Without doubt, Himalayan glaciers in Nepal have shrunk dramatically during this period,” says iReporter Barry Wenlock.

 "When the first sunlight hit the Himalayas, I was captured by the soft golden color of the first sunrise," says iReporter Duangmon Chaturapitaporn. “When the first sunlight hit the Himalayas, I was captured by the soft golden color of the first sunrise,” says iReporter Duangmon Chaturapitaporn.

"Don't be discouraged, the Annapurna Circuit is a trail for almost everyone. There are tea houses along the way which offer a clean and simple place to stay and eat. There are even options to hire porters and guides, though for an experienced hiker, we didn't feel it was necessary. This is one of the most amazing treks in the world and we can't wait to go back to do it again!" says iReporter Dean Gakos.“Don’t be discouraged, the Annapurna Circuit is a trail for almost everyone. There are tea houses along the way which offer a clean and simple place to stay and eat. There are even options to hire porters and guides, though for an experienced hiker, we didn’t feel it was necessary. This is one of the most amazing treks in the world and we can’t wait to go back to do it again!” says iReporter Dean Gakos.

"Home to the highest monastery in Nepal, the Tengboche Monastery is situated in the Khumjung Valley, Solukhumbu, within the Sagarmatha (Everest) National Park, Nepal. A peaceful, quiet, chilled and serene place, it is also home for Buddhist monks," says iReporter Kuna Rajandran.“Home to the highest monastery in Nepal, the Tengboche Monastery is situated in the Khumjung Valley, Solukhumbu, within the Sagarmatha (Everest) National Park, Nepal. A peaceful, quiet, chilled and serene place, it is also home for Buddhist monks,” says iReporter Kuna Rajandran.

Trekking in NepalTrekking in Nepal

More than 250 Guardsmen mark 100 days until the London 2012 Olympics starts on on July 27. They are at Horse Guards Parade in central London, which will host beach volleyball.More than 250 Guardsmen mark 100 days until the London 2012 Olympics starts on on July 27. They are at Horse Guards Parade in central London, which will host beach volleyball.

China, which hosted the previous Olympics in 2008, also marked the milestone as athletes performed outside the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing.China, which hosted the previous Olympics in 2008, also marked the milestone as athletes performed outside the Bird’s Nest stadium in Beijing.

Melissa Wu, a diving silver medallist four years ago, poses with Australia's Boxing Kangaroo Olympic mascot as the 100-day landmark is celebrated in Sydney.Melissa Wu, a diving silver medallist four years ago, poses with Australia’s Boxing Kangaroo Olympic mascot as the 100-day landmark is celebrated in Sydney.

The future of London's new Olympic stadium is one of the unresolved issues surrounding the Games' legacy.The future of London’s new Olympic stadium is one of the unresolved issues surrounding the Games’ legacy.

Olympic mascots Wenlock and Mandeville strike a pose outside the London 2012 store at Heathrow Airport.Olympic mascots Wenlock and Mandeville strike a pose outside the London 2012 store at Heathrow Airport.

Giant Olympic rings are towed on the River Thames in front of the city's iconic Tower of London on February 28, 2012.Giant Olympic rings are towed on the River Thames in front of the city’s iconic Tower of London on February 28, 2012.

The Arcelor Mittal Orbit viewing platform seen next to the Olympic stadium. World-renowned sculptor Anish Kapoor designed the skyscraping sculpture that stands at 115 meters high. The Arcelor Mittal Orbit viewing platform seen next to the Olympic stadium. World-renowned sculptor Anish Kapoor designed the skyscraping sculpture that stands at 115 meters high.

London 2012 Olympic Torchbearers Dinah Gould and Dominic John MacGowan pose with Mayor of London Boris Johnson on March 19, 2012.London 2012 Olympic Torchbearers Dinah Gould and Dominic John MacGowan pose with Mayor of London Boris Johnson on March 19, 2012.

The Duchess of Cambridge, Kate Middleton, meets Great Britain's Hockey Team at London's Olympic Park on March 15, 2012.The Duchess of Cambridge, Kate Middleton, meets Great Britain’s Hockey Team at London’s Olympic Park on March 15, 2012.

Members of the emergency services take part in a London Olympics security drill entitled Exercise Forward Defensive on February 22, 2012. The exercise was to test responses to a possible terrorist incident during the Games. Members of the emergency services take part in a London Olympics security drill entitled Exercise Forward Defensive on February 22, 2012. The exercise was to test responses to a possible terrorist incident during the Games.

British rowing legend Matthew Pinsent helps lift in the first of 16,000 beds to be installed in London's Olympic Village on January 26, 2012.British rowing legend Matthew Pinsent helps lift in the first of 16,000 beds to be installed in London’s Olympic Village on January 26, 2012.

Analyst Jignasha Patel prepares a sample for testing in the anti-doping laboratory which will test athletes' samples from the London 2012 Games on January 19, 2012.Analyst Jignasha Patel prepares a sample for testing in the anti-doping laboratory which will test athletes’ samples from the London 2012 Games on January 19, 2012.

Workers carry out the installation of artist Monica Bonvicini's "RUN'"sculpture in the plaza of the London 2012 Handball Arena at the Olympic Park on January 12, 2012.Workers carry out the installation of artist Monica Bonvicini’s “RUN’”sculpture in the plaza of the London 2012 Handball Arena at the Olympic Park on January 12, 2012.

Models wear the Volunteers Uniform for London 2012 at a photocall at the Olympic Park on November 22, 2011.Models wear the Volunteers Uniform for London 2012 at a photocall at the Olympic Park on November 22, 2011.

Organizers expect 80% of the eight million ticket-holders to use the various rail systems, including the tube, during the Games. There will also be an Olympic Route Network where road traffic will be shut off to allow 55,000 athletes, officials and media to get to venues each day.Organizers expect 80% of the eight million ticket-holders to use the various rail systems, including the tube, during the Games. There will also be an Olympic Route Network where road traffic will be shut off to allow 55,000 athletes, officials and media to get to venues each day.

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London 2012 Olympics: 100 days to goLondon 2012 Olympics: 100 days to go

“I have a picture at home of those 1922 expedition members and they were so famous back then,” Kenton said.

“It was a bit like looking at a picture of the Manchester United football team. They were world-famous people yet they’ve been lost to history a little bit. I wanted to bring them back to the forefront of peoples’ minds.”

The team were forced to turn back after an avalanche killed seven Sherpas who were helping carry equipment. But International Olympic Committee founder Pierre de Coubertin — often referred to as the “grandfather of the modern Olympics” — still awarded 21 gold medals to the expedition.

On being handed the 1924 Paris Olympic medals, second-in-command Strutt made his heartfelt pledge. But the vision was buried in the passage of time, and, as Cool points out: “Then the war came along.”

Cool, who has already scaled Everest nine times, hopes to reach the summit in mid-May.

“It’s such a romantic, true story,” he said.

He admitted that even with his experience, Everest was still a “beast” to climb — and a life-threatening one at that.

“Coming down is at least as dangerous if not more dangerous as going up. So the emotions will be welling up inside me and I know there will be a few tears,” he said.

“Everest is a very different beast now to what it was in 1922. And of course we have all the knowledge of how to climb it. But it still doesn’t take away from the fact that Everest is a very dangerous mountain.

“She’s a very fickle person and if she wants to she’ll change her outlook on things and she’ll kill people just like that.”

However, unlike the original explorers, Kenton will have the benefit of modern technology. Their feat is perhaps even more extraordinary considering the clunky oxygen tanks, woolen jackets and fur hats they had for survival. Crucially, in one of the most brutal environments on earth, none of these garments were waterproof.

“Today we get Internet access, we can look at weather forecasts, weather patterns. We’ve got state-of-the-art technology when it comes to clothing, titanium oxygen tanks, to super lightweight boots,” Cool said.

To even attempt such a feat is complete madness. As the famous words go they wanted to climb Everest because it was there
Kelly Morsehead, great-granddaughter of climber

“As soon as you get above 7,000 or 8,000 feet you enter the death zone. It’s a ticking time bomb. You’ve got a limited amount of time which the human body can survive up there, so yes things are stacked more in our favor now than in 1922 but it’s still a mountain which deserves an awful lot of respect.”

Glyn Hughes, honorary archivist at Britain’s Alpine Club, has kept extensive records of the 1922 expedition.

“They were as prepared as their knowledge at the time allowed them to be, but that knowledge was extremely limited in a lot of areas,” he told CNN.

“They were very well provisioned. They had wonderfully rich foods, nothing like you have now when you go climbing — very heavy, very rich and totally inappropriate.”

Despite the original adventure receiving worldwide acclaim, Glyn said it was a gallant failure, with the death of the Sherpas casting a shadow over the expedition.

“There’s actually a lot of guilt because porters were killed but none of the climbing members were,” he said.

“A number of them said they felt dreadful about this. They would have felt better if at least one of them had died with the porters.”

Kelly Morsehead, the great-granddaughter of one of the original climbers, will be following Kenton’s challenge closely.

Henry Morsehead had tried to scale the mountain without oxygen, but eventually had to stop his climb due to frostbite. He never received his gold medal after it was lost in the post.

“To even attempt such a feat is complete madness. As the famous words go, they wanted to climb Everest because it was there. That is what they said was their mission, which is absolutely baffling and awe inspiring,” Kelly said.

“It’s a chance for everything to come back together again. And to fulfill what’s almost rightly theirs — to get that final step with the medal being at the top of the summit.”

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Qatar’s first female Olympians

Air rifle shooter Bahiya Al-Hammad, 19, training at her club near Doha, Qatar.
Air rifle shooter Bahiya Al-Hammad, 19, training at her club near Doha, Qatar.

Editor’s note: Each month, Inside the Middle East takes you behind the headlines to see a different side of this diverse region. Follow us on on Twitter: Presenter Rima Maktabi: @rimamaktabi, producer Jon Jensen: @jonjensen and writer Cat Davies @catrionadavies

Doha, Qatar (CNN) — Bahiya Al-Hamad is a 19-year-old college student and air-rifle shooter who is about to make history for her country.

When she travels to London to take part in the Olympic Games this summer, she will be part of the first group of Qatari women ever to compete at the Olympics.

Qatar is one of only three countries — the others are Saudi Arabia and Brunei — which have never sent female athletes to an Olympics Games. This year, three women will represent Qatar at London 2012. The others are swimmer Nada Arkaji and sprinter Noor al-Malki.

It’s an accomplishment for every Qatari woman.
Bahiya Al-Hammad

All three women have been given wild cards, but there is still a weight of expectation that is not lost of Al-Hamad.

“It’s an accomplishment for every Qatari woman,” she said. “I hope I can live up to their expectation.”

Training at her shooting club outside Qatar’s capital Doha, Al-Hamad added: “Every athlete’s dream is to reach the Olympics.”

Competing in London in July and August will be a high point in her life as well as a historic moment for Qatar. “I will be very excited to go see the atmosphere there and it will sure be one the most special days of my life,” she said.

Al-Hamad has won several regional competitions in the 10-meter rifle shooting category, but missed out on automatically qualifying for London 2012 by half a point. She said she was asleep when she received a call to say she had been awarded a wild card.

“I wanted to scream,” she said. “I really loved it. I was optimistic, but never expected to reach the Olympics.

“My dream when it comes to shooting is to be the Olympic or world champion.”

See also: Will Saudi women make Olympics debut?

It will sure be one the most special days of my life.
Bahiya Al-Hammad

One of her shooting club colleagues, Ali Rashid al-Mohannadi, 21, Gulf and Arab champion, and a senior engineering student, said he has nothing but respect for Al-Hamad.

“I think women now are better than us,” he said. “I’m very happy, because she’s a talented shooter. I’m very happy for her, and I hope she does well in the Olympic Games.”

However, not everyone in his socially conservative country feel the same.

“I feel men don’t realize the idea yet, but it depends,” said Al-Hamad. “Some of them are OK with it, some are not. They say ‘you’re a girl and you shoot?’”

She added: “Before, shooting was only for guys but now it became normal for females to an extent. When they saw women emerging in shooting they became a little bit more accepting.”

Also on Inside the Middle East: Iraqi artist inspired by George W Bush shoe thrower

Al-Hamad, who is in her foundation year at Qatar University, is now training two hours a day, five days a week with her Uzbeki coach to be ready to compete alongside the world’s greatest 10-meter rifle shooters.

“We participated in the junior Olympic Games in Singapore two years back but the result was not good,” said her coach, Ivan Shahov. “But I hope with this Olympic Games we have a chance.”

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Volcano in central Guatemala belches ash, lava; authorities raise alert level

The Fuego volcano in Guatemala has begun shooting lava and columns of ash into the air, and authorities have raised the alert level in the area.

The volcano overlooks the tourist city of Antigua and is one of Central America’s most-active volcanoes.

Guatemala’s National Seismology, Vulcanology, Meteorology and Hydrology Institute said in a statement Saturday that Fuego shot ash 16,400 feet (5,000 meters) into the air. Lava flows reached up to 3,280 feet (1,000 meters) in length.

David de Leon, spokesman for the national disaster relief agency, said authorities have raised the alert level because Fuego is in an effusive stage. The measure involves closing nearby highways, installing monitoring stations and readying emergency workers.

De Leon said while no evacuations have been ordered, there might be if Fuego’s activity increases.

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Elizabeth: From queen to monarch

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King George VI proudly sits for a photograph with his young daughter and future monarch, Elizabeth.

King George VI proudly sits for a photograph with his young daughter and future monarch, Elizabeth.

A little princess, Elizabeth II sits with her mother Queen Elizabeth.

A little princess, Elizabeth II sits with her mother Queen Elizabeth.

HRH Princess Elizabeth (center) undergoing instruction at the Auxiliary Territorial Service training centre in April 1945. Courtesy <a href='http://www.iwm.org.uk/' target='_blank'>Imperial War Museum </a>HRH Princess Elizabeth (center) undergoing instruction at the Auxiliary Territorial Service training centre in April 1945. Courtesy Imperial War Museum
Auxiliary Territorial Service: Princess Elizabeth, a 2nd Subaltern in the ATS, wearing overalls and standing in front of an L-plated truck. In the background is a medical lorry. Courtesy Imperial War Museum Auxiliary Territorial Service: Princess Elizabeth, a 2nd Subaltern in the ATS, wearing overalls and standing in front of an L-plated truck. In the background is a medical lorry. Courtesy Imperial War Museum
Princess Elizabeth and new husband, Prince Philip of Greece pose for a royal photographer on their wedding day, 20 November 1947. By all accounts Prince Philip had won the future queen's heart by the age of 13.

Princess Elizabeth and new husband, Prince Philip of Greece pose for a royal photographer on their wedding day, 20 November 1947. By all accounts Prince Philip had won the future queen’s heart by the age of 13.

Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth enjoys an old-fashioned square dance held in the honor of the Royal Couple who were in Canada on a state visit in 1951.

Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth enjoys an old-fashioned square dance held in the honor of the Royal Couple who were in Canada on a state visit in 1951.

A relaxed evening at the theater: The Queen Mother and Queen Elizabeth II arrive at Windsor's Theatre Royal for a performance of G. B. Shaw's 'You Never Can Tell' on 23 February 1962.

A relaxed evening at the theater: The Queen Mother and Queen Elizabeth II arrive at Windsor’s Theatre Royal for a performance of G. B. Shaw’s ‘You Never Can Tell’ on 23 February 1962.

An official photograph taken of Queen Elizabeth in 1977 -- the year of her Silver Jubilee.

An official photograph taken of Queen Elizabeth in 1977 — the year of her Silver Jubilee.

From the Royal Collection -- The Queen sits for a photograph with a young Prince Charles and a very blonde Princess Anne.

From the Royal Collection — The Queen sits for a photograph with a young Prince Charles and a very blonde Princess Anne.

The Queen's eldest child, Charles, Prince of Wales, bows while his new bride, Lady Diana, curtsies to the British sovereign as they leave St Paul's Cathedral, on July 29, 1981.

The Queen’s eldest child, Charles, Prince of Wales, bows while his new bride, Lady Diana, curtsies to the British sovereign as they leave St Paul’s Cathedral, on July 29, 1981.

1992 was a bad year for the royal family. In addition to the three royal marriage breakdowns, a fire wreaks havoc in Windsor Castle causing major structural damage. The Queen would later describe this year as "annus horribilis."1992 was a bad year for the royal family. In addition to the three royal marriage breakdowns, a fire wreaks havoc in Windsor Castle causing major structural damage. The Queen would later describe this year as “annus horribilis.”
Criticism of the monarchy peaked in 1997 following the death of Princess Diana in Paris. The royal family was accused of being remote and out of touch with the grief-stricken public. However, after several days of silence, the Queen returned to London, speaking to mourners and admitted there were lessons to be learnt from Diana's life.Criticism of the monarchy peaked in 1997 following the death of Princess Diana in Paris. The royal family was accused of being remote and out of touch with the grief-stricken public. However, after several days of silence, the Queen returned to London, speaking to mourners and admitted there were lessons to be learnt from Diana’s life.
Since the death of Diana, the queen's popularity has enjoyed a revival as she continues to preside over what appears to be a softer, more accessible modern royal family. Here, she attends her grandson, Harry's graduation from the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst, southern England in 2006. Since the death of Diana, the queen’s popularity has enjoyed a revival as she continues to preside over what appears to be a softer, more accessible modern royal family. Here, she attends her grandson, Harry’s graduation from the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst, southern England in 2006.

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Editor’s note: In 2012, the UK’s Queen Elizabeth II became the second-longest serving British sovereign with a reign spanning 60 years. On June 4 – 6, the Queen marks her Diamond Jubilee year with a series of parties and pageants, and CNN will be there to follow the festivities. Leading up to the celebrations, we will put her reign in context with a series of articles, op-eds and interactives.

London, England (CNN) — The 60th anniversary of Queen Elizabeth II’s accession to the British throne marks a major milestone in the remarkable life of a monarch who, though reluctantly thrust into the spotlight at a young age, has won almost universal praise for her steadfast dedication to duty.

Her long reign (second only to Queen Victoria’s) has seen Britain transformed from a war-weary declining imperial power into its modern incarnation as a member state of the European Union that rarely looks to its monarch for leadership, but still holds her in high esteem.

In 1952, when Elizabeth and Philip were on an official trip to Kenya, news came of her father’s death. She was now queen.

And while it has witnessed its fair share of joy — not least the recent marriage of the queen’s grandson Prince William to Catherine Middleton — Elizabeth’s rule has also weathered many storms, both public and personal, as the monarchy has tried to keep pace with changing times.

Elizabeth Alexander Mary was born in 1926, the first child of the Duke and Duchess of York. She did not become heiress presumptive to the throne until 1937 when her father was crowned King George VI after the scandalous abdication of his older brother — events recently dramatized in the Oscar-winning film “The King’s Speech.”

As World War II erupted, Elizabeth was quietly groomed for statehood. While living out the blitz on London in nearby Windsor Castle, she was privately tutored in matters of constitution by Henry Marten, an eccentric yet respected teacher who reputedly kept a pet raven in his study.

She began making tentative steps to public life in 1940 when, aged 14, she made her first radio broadcast: a speech to children displaced by conflict. At 16 she was made an honorary colonel of the Grenadier Guards, a British army infantry regiment.

Wartime offered her certain freedoms beyond the constraints of royal life. In 1945 she joined the Auxiliary Territorial Service, and spent four weeks getting her hands covered in oil and grease as she learned to drive and maintain military vehicles. When victory was declared in Europe, a uniformed Elizabeth mingled with jubilant crowds outside Buckingham Palace.

Queen Elizabeth celebrates 60 years on throne

Peacetime brought the return of Lieutenant Prince Philip of Greece, a handsome young naval officer who had, by all accounts, had won her heart when she was just 13. The pair married in Westminster Abbey in 1947. Their first son, Charles, was born just over a year later.

With her father’s health in rapid decline, Elizabeth began accepting more official duties, taking his place at the annual Trooping the Color military parade in 1949. In 1952, when Elizabeth and Philip were on an official trip to Kenya, news came of her father’s death. She was now queen.

The next decade saw the queen settle into her role. After her 1953 coronation, she embarked on numerous official trips, oversaw state openings of parliament, welcomed visiting leaders such as President Eisenhower, Charles de Gaulle and Nikita Khrushchev, and toured a coal mine.

In 1964, the queen became a mother for the fourth time as new son Edward joined Charles and fellow siblings Anne and Andrew. There was, however, barely any let up in her busy schedule.

By the arrival of her third decade on the throne, she was in her element. Prince Charles was embarking on a military career, Princess Anne, an acclaimed horsewoman, was married — drawing huge crowds of well wishers.

Girls given equal rights to British throne under law changes

While indulging in her own equestrian pursuits, she continued to throw herself into public life, clocking up dozens of overseas trips and official visits around the UK — one of which in 1976 saw her become one of the first people to send an email (she continues to champion new technology today).

Problems overshadowed the queen as she made an historic visit to meet Nelson Mandela in 1995… Criticism reached new heights in the wake of Diana’s tragic death.

There were family problems in 1976 when her sister’s marriage collapsed and constitutional problems with growing debate among Commonwealth countries about the role of the monarch, but these failed to dampen celebrations to mark the silver jubilee of her reign in 1977.

Another royal wedding followed in 1981 when Prince Charles married Lady Diana Spencer at London’s St Paul’s cathedral. Millions of people around the world watched the ceremony on television, happily unaware it would usher in the most turbulent period yet of the queen’s life.

The queen’s 40th year on the throne, 1992, marked her lowest moment as three royal marriages fell apart. Princess Anne and Mark Philips divorced, Charles and Diana separated after claims of infidelities while Sarah Ferguson was photographed topless with an American financial manager.

To cap it all, a huge fire ripped through Windsor Castle causing major structural damage. In the wake of the blaze, a furore broke out when it was suggested that public money be used to fund the restoration.

“1992 is not a year on which I shall look back with undiluted pleasure,” the queen said in a speech later that year. “In the words of one of my more sympathetic correspondents, it has turned out to be an annus horribilis.”

Kate has graduated as ‘fully fledged’ royal

These problems overshadowed the queen as she made an historic visit to meet Nelson Mandela in 1995, but criticism reached new heights in the wake of Diana’s tragic death in 1997 when the royals were accused of being aloof and out of touch amid widespread outpourings of grief.

The queen’s most recent decade as monarch has largely been one of celebration.

This marked a turning point. After days of silence, the queen returned to London, talked to mourners and admitted there were lessons to be learned from Diana’s life. The gestures struck a chord with the public and criticism ebbed away.

After Diana, the queen’s popularity rebounded as she presided over what appeared to be a softer, more accessible and thoroughly modern royal family. This was evident In 2005 when, to public approval, she assented to the previously unthinkable marriage of Prince Charles and Camilla Parker Bowles.

The queen’s most recent decade as monarch has largely been one of celebration. In 2006, she marked her 80th birthday with a series of festivities and goodwill messages from around the world.

She has witnessed both her grandsons graduate as military officers and, of course, she oversaw the marriage of Prince William and Catherine, the woman who — when her husband eventually inherits the throne to become king — will succeed her as Britain’s next queen.

Lauren Said-Moorhouse contributed to this story. Images of then-Princess Elizabeth during World War II courtesy of the Imperial War Museums.

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How you help FB make billions

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It all began in a Harvard dorm room in 2004. Mark Zuckerberg and fellow students Dustin Moskovitz, Chris Hughes and Eduardo Saverin start what then was known as Thefacebook. The social-networking site spreads to other Ivy League universities the next month.It all began in a Harvard dorm room in 2004. Mark Zuckerberg and fellow students Dustin Moskovitz, Chris Hughes and Eduardo Saverin start what then was known as Thefacebook. The social-networking site spreads to other Ivy League universities the next month.
Zuckerberg and his partners move Facebook's base of operations to Palo Alto, California, where they meet former Napster co-founder Sean Parker. The savvy, hard-partying Parker becomes an early partner (and later president) of Facebook and helps attract investors to the fledgling network.Zuckerberg and his partners move Facebook’s base of operations to Palo Alto, California, where they meet former Napster co-founder Sean Parker. The savvy, hard-partying Parker becomes an early partner (and later president) of Facebook and helps attract investors to the fledgling network.
The company drops the "the" from its name after Parker pays $200,000 for Internet address Facebook.com. Facebook has grown to include students from more than 1,000 colleges and universities and is opening to high schools.The company drops the “the” from its name after Parker pays $200,000 for Internet address Facebook.com. Facebook has grown to include students from more than 1,000 colleges and universities and is opening to high schools.
Facebook opens to anyone older than 13 with a valid e-mail address. That same month, the site introduces its News Feed, which highlights updates, photos, etc., from friends within your network. Users revolt, starting petitions to change Facebook back, although -- as with most Facebook changes -- they eventually grow to embrace the feature. Facebook opens to anyone older than 13 with a valid e-mail address. That same month, the site introduces its News Feed, which highlights updates, photos, etc., from friends within your network. Users revolt, starting petitions to change Facebook back, although — as with most Facebook changes — they eventually grow to embrace the feature.
Microsoft purchases a 1.6% share of Facebook for $240 million, valuing the company at about $15 billion. The deal comes after other Internet giants, including Google and Yahoo, failed to buy all or part of Facebook. By now, more than half the site's users live outside the United States.Microsoft purchases a 1.6% share of Facebook for $240 million, valuing the company at about $15 billion. The deal comes after other Internet giants, including Google and Yahoo, failed to buy all or part of Facebook. By now, more than half the site’s users live outside the United States.
Facebook hits 100 million users. The same year, it surpasses MySpace to become the world's most popular social network.Facebook hits 100 million users. The same year, it surpasses MySpace to become the world’s most popular social network.
One month after acquiring rival network FriendFeed, Zuckerberg announces Facebook has begun turning a profit for the first time.One month after acquiring rival network FriendFeed, Zuckerberg announces Facebook has begun turning a profit for the first time.
Facebook introduces the Like button, which is quickly adopted by the thousands of news and retail sites that integrate with the social network. Some users complain there should be a "Dislike" button, too. Despite growing user concerns over privacy, Facebook hits half a billion users three months later.<br/><br/>Facebook introduces the Like button, which is quickly adopted by the thousands of news and retail sites that integrate with the social network. Some users complain there should be a “Dislike” button, too. Despite growing user concerns over privacy, Facebook hits half a billion users three months later.
"The Social Network," David Fincher's movie about the founding of Facebook, hits theaters, making Mark Zuckerberg a household name. The film is a critical and commercial hit, earning $225 million worldwide and winning three Oscars. Zuckerberg calls the movie a largely inaccurate dramatization but says it gets his casual wardrobe right.<br/><br/>“The Social Network,” David Fincher’s movie about the founding of Facebook, hits theaters, making Mark Zuckerberg a household name. The film is a critical and commercial hit, earning $225 million worldwide and winning three Oscars. Zuckerberg calls the movie a largely inaccurate dramatization but says it gets his casual wardrobe right.
Facebook rolls out Timeline, a redesign to the site's user profile pages, amid ever-present complaints about the changes. But Zuckerberg's not worried -- by this time the site has 800 million active users, half of whom log in every day. Facebook rolls out Timeline, a redesign to the site’s user profile pages, amid ever-present complaints about the changes. But Zuckerberg’s not worried — by this time the site has 800 million active users, half of whom log in every day.
Facebook buys the photo-sharing app Instagram for $1 billion.Facebook buys the photo-sharing app Instagram for $1 billion.
Facebook prepares to become a publicly traded company, raising billions of dollars from investors. The company says it expects to price its shares at $34 to $38 each, potentially valuing Facebook at more than $100 billion. Based on his stake, Zuckerberg himself will likely be worth more than $15 billion.Facebook prepares to become a publicly traded company, raising billions of dollars from investors. The company says it expects to price its shares at $34 to $38 each, potentially valuing Facebook at more than $100 billion. Based on his stake, Zuckerberg himself will likely be worth more than $15 billion.

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(CNN) — Every post you “like.” Every friend you add or fan page you join. Every place you check in, and every Web page you recommend.

To you, those are ways to enjoy, expand and improve your experience on Facebook. To Facebook, they’re the building blocks of a multibillion-dollar company.

In business, there’s a well-worn line that could apply to the social-networking behemoth: If you’re not paying for it, you’re not the customer. You’re the product.

In this case, you’re a product worth, to Facebook, an average $4.84 a year.

As Facebook hits Wall Street this week with a public stock offering that could value the company at more than $100 billion, investors appear dazzled by the company’s uncanny ability to put the right advertisements in front of its roughly 900 million users.

“The unique thing about these guys is the accuracy with which they can help advertisers and marketers understand who they’re getting,” said Arvind Bhatia, an analyst with Sterne Agee Financial Services. “On Facebook, your information is authentic; they are able to basically make the ads, and your experience, more relevant. I think that is unique. It’s unprecedented and the reach is unparalleled.”

In documents filed in relation to its stock offering, Facebook says that about 85% of its revenue comes from advertising. The other 15% comes from payments made within apps that run on the site (a head-turning 12% is from a single source — Zynga, makers of social games such as “FarmVille.”)

As Bhatia suggests, Facebook’s unprecedented advertising advantage is built upon the service it provides. As users interact with the site, they gradually build a fuller and fuller picture of themselves. That, in turn, lets Facebook sell advertisers on its ability to put their product in front of the people most likely to be interested.

CNNMoney: You’re only worth $1.21 (per quarter) to Facebook

How targeted ads work

For example, say a woman who has listed her hometown as New Orleans changes her relationship status from “single” to “engaged.” Facebook suddenly has a hot prospect to offer up to a bridal retailer or caterer in the Big Easy. To dig deeper, if she lists her MBA from Loyola and has “liked” pages for, say, Saks Fifth Avenue and Mercedes Benz, you get a fuller picture of how much she might be willing to spend.

“With a reported 901 million members, Facebook is a great test bed for understanding consumers and their purchasing interests,” said Jan Rezab, CEO of Socialbakers, a social-media analytics firm. “Before Facebook, marketers relied on online surveys or focus groups to determine customer interest. Now, they can reach the customer directly on their Facebook page.”

Facebook doesn’t publicly give away the details of how its system works. But as it has begun wooing potential investors, the company has been more willing to talk about its advertising approach.

Dan Rose, Facebook vice president of partnerships and platform marketing, discussed the appeal of its social ads at an event recently in Austin, Texas.

According to research from Pew, the average Facebook user has 229 friends. When that user likes a product or company’s ad, it serves as an endorsement to those friends from someone they know and, presumably, trust.

“When I raise my hand and say, I like Einstein (Bros.) bagels, and then one of my friends sees that ad, they’re going to see my name in that ad,” Rose said. Through Facebook’s partnership with the media-research firm Nielsen, “We found that when my friend’s name is in an ad, I’m over 60% more likely to remember the ad, and I’m over four times more likely to purchase the product,” he said.

“This is word of mouth. This is word of mouth at scale. This is what, as marketers, we’ve always been trying to bottle up and find a way to take advantage of. And the social Web is finally allowing us to do that.”

In his 2010 book, “The Facebook Effect,” David Kirkpatrick recounts chief operating officer Sheryl Sandberg’s arrival in 2008, when she sharpened the company’s focus on what would become the current advertising model. CEO Mark Zuckerberg, meanwhile, remained focused on growing the site and improving user experience — a focus he reportedly maintains to this day.

Kirkpatrick writes of the level of detail a Facebook ad can reach:

“Anybody can pick through endless combinations on Facebook’s self-service ad page,” he wrote, referring to the tool advertisers use to target their ads. “You can show your ad only to married women aged 35 and up who live in northern Ohio. Or display an ad only to employees of one company in a certain city on a certain day. (Employers aiming to cherry-pick people from a competitor do this all the time).

“Customers for Facebook’s more expensive engagement ads can select from even more detailed choices — women who are parents, talk about diapers, listen to Coldplay and live in cities, for example.”

In its Wall Street filing, Facebook listed its Average Revenue Per User at $1.21 per quarter, or $4.84 a year. That’s less than rivals like Google and Yahoo and miniscule compared to companies with more traditional business models, like wireless providers and cable companies.

But, as Rose says, it’s all about scale for a company that will likely reach 1 billion user accounts by the end of the year.

Are you living without Facebook?

User data and privacy

Not that the model hasn’t made some folks antsy. Time and again, tweaks to Facebook’s privacy settings have prompted user backlash, occasionally to the point that the site has reversed or modified those changes.

According to a recent Associated Press/CNBC poll, three out of five users say they have little or no faith that the company will protect their personal information. Half of those who use the site daily say they wouldn’t make a purchase through it and 57% of all users claimed they never click on ads or other sponsored content.

On a page about its advertising approach, Facebook makes it clear that it never sells user data, saying that “if you don’t feel like you’re in control of who sees what you share, you probably won’t use Facebook as much, and you’ll share less with your friends.”

Facebook officials also emphasize that while advertisers can market to specific users, they don’t receive the data that was used to make the selection and never know the actual names of the people they’ve reached. Facebook’s policy is to not actually look at user data except to check whether someone is violating the site’s terms of service.

Doubling down on user satisfaction is the most important thing Facebook can do, Bhatia said, even if it occasionally means passing up chances to max out the amount it could earn on the data users provide.

“For them, the user experience does come first and I think that’s the right strategy for the long term,” he said. “Along the way, putting the user experience first makes a lot of longer-term business sense.”

As an analyst, Bhatia is bullish on Facebook, leading the pack with an early “buy” rating at the beginning of this month. With Facebook reportedly looking at expanding into China and at monetizing its mobile app (an untapped resource even though the majority of time on the site is now spent on mobile devices) he expects its data-driven model to keep making money well into the future.

“Facebook is going to become just like search, [which] disrupted online advertising,” he said. “What Google did eight years ago — that is what Facebook is doing now. The reach is unparalleled and they’re just scratching the surface.”

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Pfizer recalls 650,000 bottles of Advil Liqui-Gels

Pfizer Inc. has recalled more than 650,000 bottles of Advil pain-relief medicine due to the potential for a strong odor in the product.

New York-based Pfizer issued the voluntary recall of eight lots of Advil Liqui-Gels bottles in March to retail-distribution centers only, spokeswoman Jenifer Antonacci said Friday. The recall wasn’t at the consumer level, she said.

The Advil recall was issued because an element of the manufacturing process “may have caused a stronger odor in the product,” according to a notice posted this week on the US Food and Drug Administration’s website.

“We were able to isolate the issue and took corrective action,” said Antonacci. No safety or adverse-event concerns were associated with the recall.

The recalled product was manufactured by contract manufacturer Catalent Argentina S.A.I.C. in Argentina, according to the FDA website. A Catalent spokeswoman couldn’t immediately be reached.

Unaffected lots of Advil Liqui-Gels remain available in stores, Antonacci said.

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Shia LaBeouf returns to Cannes, this time with more pride for crime film ‘Lawless’

If Shia LaBeouf has his way, this year’s Cannes Film Festival is just a beginning.

After previous trips to the festival with blockbusters “Transformers” and “Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps,” LaBeouf is here with his first film in competition, the Prohibition-era “Lawless,” as well as a short he directed, “Howard Cantour.com.”

“Smaller hotel room, but a lot more pride,” he said in an interview shortly before “Lawless” was to make its premiere Saturday.

In “Lawless,” directed by John Hillcoat, LaBeouf stars as the younger, less violent brother of a trio of Appalachia bootlegging brothers (Tom Hardy, Jason Clarke) protecting their backwoods freedom from a savage lawman from Chicago (Guy Pearce).

The film, to be released by the Weinstein Co. this fall, is a clear departure for LaBeouf, whose young career has been more dominated by franchise action films than character-driven genre work like “Lawless.”

“I’ve made a lot of movies about plot and device,” says LaBeouf. “Now, I find myself being attracted to ? and being allowed to make ? more movies about people and characters.”

Coming to Cannes for the 25-year-old LaBeouf, whose manner is intense and direct, is also something of a return to the scene of a crime. In 2010, he disparaged two of his own blockbusters ? “Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen” and “Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull” ? a severe break with Hollywood etiquette ? particularly when the directors concerned are Steven Spielberg and Michael Bay.

“Cannes is a big part of my learning curve,” he says. “I’ve lost friends. I’ve experienced extreme heartbreak here.”

LaBeouf also drew from his past in Cannes for “Howard Cantour.com,” which stars comedian Jim Gaffigan as a film critic. Though LaBeouf has now directed several shorts and music videos, he says he plans to keep making shorts before trying his hand at directing a feature.

“Lawless,” adapted by Australian musician Nick Cave from Matt Bondurant’s 2008 historical novel, “The Wettest County in the World,” was in Hollywood purgatory for two years after losing studio backing, a period through which LaBeouf remained committed to the film.

The attraction, LaBeouf says, was Hillcoat, whose 2005 Australian western “The Proposition” ? for which Cave composed the soundtrack ? he admires.

“He has sensibilities closer to my sensibilities than my previous commanders,” says LaBeouf. “When a man says to you, ‘I’m planning to make “Goodfellas” in the woods,’ it’s really hard to get away from that idea.”

Hillcoat praised the more adult performance for LaBeouf.

“He’s actually very nuanced and incredibly subtle and very real,” says Hillcoat. “There’s a real tenderness, as well. For him, it was something that he’s been dying to do for some time.”

The film drew mixed reviews at Cannes after screening for the media Saturday, but generally positive ones for its performances. The film blog IndieWire wrote that the movie “will silence (LaBeouf’s) critics.”

The actor is clearly gratified to be bringing “Lawless” to Cannes, an audience that reveres artistic filmmaking: “This is a community that otherwise would hate me,” he says.

LaBeouf has said the third “Transformers” film, last year’s “Transformers: Dark of the Moon,” will be the last for him, regardless of whether more are made. He’ll next star in Robert Redford’s political drama “The Company You Keep.”

Says LaBeouf: “I’m going to be doing things that I like for a while, until the business says ‘No, we need you to do this, or you can’t work.’”

___

Contact Jake Coyle at: http://twitter.com/jake_coyle

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Finding justice for Haiti’s rape victims

CNN Hero: Malya Villard-Appolon

Port-au-Prince, Haiti (CNN) — Three days after a massive earthquake threw Haiti into chaos, Alvana was homeless, along with her two children.

But her nightmare was just beginning.

“I was gang-raped while I was sleeping in the middle of the street,” she said. “And I got pregnant.”

Alvana did not know her attackers. Depressed and unsure of what to do next, she was directed by a friend to a clinic run by KOFAVIV, a Creole acronym that translates into the Commission of Women Victims for Victims.

“By the time I got to them, my belly was already big,” she said. “But they took care of me.”

Alvana was given food, water, housing and prenatal care. She decided to keep her daughter, even though the psychological pain could be difficult — and still is, two years later.

“It’s terrible,” said Alvana, 33. “I love my daughter … (but) I look at myself and see that I have a child that is a product of a gang rape.”

Malya Villard-Appolon, right, knows what it\'s like to be a victim of sexual violence. She has been raped twice.
Malya Villard-Appolon, right, knows what it’s like to be a victim of sexual violence. She has been raped twice.

Her story is, unfortunately, all too common in Haiti, said Malya Villard-Appolon, one of KOFAVIV’s co-founders.

“After (the earthquake), the situation was inhumane and degrading,” Villard-Appolon said. “There was no security in the (displacement) camps. There was no food; there was no work. And now there is a rampant problem.”

Accurate numbers are difficult, if not impossible, to find in the aftermath of such devastation, but KOFAVIV and other groups say they have seen a definite increase in rape cases after the January 2010 earthquake.

“Victims became more vulnerable due to a range of things,” said Brian Concannon Jr., director of the Institute for Justice & Democracy in Haiti. “They lost their houses; there were no locked doors anymore. People lost family members who were a source of protection.”

Terrible living conditions, including a shortage of food and water, contribute to the problem as well, said Charity Tooze, a senior communications officer with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees’ Washington office.

“The conditions are so dehumanizing,” Tooze said. “Over months and months, it increases all forms of violence, including sexual violence.”

There has also been a lack of prosecution in the country. In the first two years after the quake, not one person in Haiti has been convicted of rape, according to the UNHCR.

“The big problem is, you can’t find justice,” said Villard-Appolon, 52.

Even before the quake, she says, rape was an issue in Haiti, historically underreported because of social stigma, retaliation from perpetrators and a lack of legal support. That is what led her and Marie Eramithe Delva to start KOFAVIV in 2004. Since the group’s inception, it has helped more than 4,000 rape survivors find safety, psychological support and/or legal aid.

“We tell people to come out of silence,” she said. “Do not be afraid to say that you have been victimized.”

Villard-Appolon knows what it’s like to be a victim of sexual violence. She has been raped twice, and her husband died as a result of beatings he endured trying to save her from being raped. In 2010, her 14-year-old daughter was raped in a displacement camp.

“I can’t describe to you how I felt when I heard about that, because I was a victim,” she said. “I started asking myself what kind of generation I came from. Am I cursed?”

Do you know a hero? Nominations are open for 2012 CNN Heroes

She escorted her daughter to two police stations and received no assistance, she said, just a lot of talk. One police officer told her that “girls are so promiscuous” and indicated that many young girls are asking for sex.

But she carries on, “fighting with hope that I know there will be a change,” she said. Internationally, she has testified before the United Nations Human Rights Council, calling for increased security within the displacement camps and asking that women’s groups be included in decision-making processes.

“I was a victim, and I did not find justice. But know I will get it for other women,” she told CNN.

When the earthquake hit Haiti, KOFAVIV’s founders watched their clinic and their offices collapse along with their homes.

Villard-Appolon lived in the dangerous Champ de Mars displacement camp for half a year. There, she said, she watched as conditions deteriorated.

“It was all kinds of people who ended up in one area,” she said. “The jails were not destroyed, but their doors were opened, and all prisoners went free. Many of them … were armed, and they were notorious murderers.”

One criminal held Villard-Appolon at gunpoint, demanding money. The police never showed up, she said, but she managed to escape after a group of supporters arrived to fight.

Villard-Appolon said many single women had to leave their children with strangers in order to search for food, water or work. In some cases, the children were raped. The youngest victim, she says, was a 17-month-old.

“I spent six months witnessing it,” she said. “Babies are not spared; adults are not spared; mothers are not spared; sisters are not spared.”

Despite the escalating violence and the loss of its clinic, KOFAVIV regrouped to help victims in Haiti’s “tent city” camps, where about 500,000 people still live today. The group has 66 female outreach agents and 25 male security guards who work within the camps, organizing nighttime community watch groups and providing whistles and flashlights to women. All of them have been affected by gender-based violence, whether personally or through a family member or loved one, Villard-Appolon said.

KOFAVIV also relies on more than 1,000 members to help share their stories, support the victims and urge them to come forward and fight for justice.

It usually starts by accompanying the victims to the hospital within 72 hours of being raped. Once they undergo a test, they receive the medical certificate they must have to begin legal proceedings.

“After that, we assign a lawyer to her,” Villard-Appolon said. There is no cost to the victims, and they receive support from KOFAVIV through the trial.

Villard-Appolon says she is determined to keep fighting for a brighter future, even though justice has been elusive.

“My dream is that we will get to a place where we stop talking about the number of rape cases,” she said. “We will stop talking about Haiti as a country where people are committing violence against others. One day, we have to be able to say that we have a country with people who respect each other.”

Want to get involved? Check out www.madre.org/kofaviv and see how to help.

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Singer spreads African spirit

The musical ‘voice of South Africa’

Editor’s note: African Voices highlights Africa’s most engaging personalities, exploring the lives and passions of people who rarely open themselves up to the camera.

Watch the show: Friday : 0730, Saturday :1430, Sunday : 0800,1730, Monday : 0930,1630, Tuesday : 0430 (all times GMT)

(CNN) — He is lauded as one of Africa’s most unique voices, with a fanbase stretching across the world, but South African singing sensation Vusi Mahlasela remains faithful to his roots.

For more than 20 years, the legendary singer has been celebrated globally for his powerful vocals and universal messages of freedom and human kindness. He has toured the world extensively and collaborated with major music stars such as Sting, Paul Simon and Dave Matthews.

But despite all his success and international acclaim, Mahlasela still resides in Mamelodi, the small township northeast of Pretoria where he grew up and nurtured his passion and talent for music.

He says it all started for him here.

“Quite a lot of inspirations and also some of the songs that I wrote, I penned them here in Mamelodi,” says Mahlasela, who is known in South Africa as “The Voice.” “I still have very strong connections with this place,” he adds. “I feel rooted and connected to this place, I love it.”

A humble star, Mahlasela?s roots are reflected in his songs and lyrics, many written during one of the toughest times in South Africa?s history — the fight against apartheid.

Vusi Mahlasela with artists including Joss Stone and Angelique Kidjo at the 2007 Live Earth press conference in South Africa.
Vusi Mahlasela with artists including Joss Stone and Angelique Kidjo at the 2007 Live Earth press conference in South Africa.

Somali rapper K’naan makes songs in the key of love

Perhaps his most famous song, “When You Come Back,” has become an anthem in the country, celebrating the return of those who escaped apartheid and lived in exile.

Mahlasela says the song’s hopeful lyrics, written years before South Africa?s democratic change, were also for those arrested, like former South African president Nelson Mandela — not surprisingly, Mahlasela was asked in 1994 to perform at Mandela?s inauguration.

With Dave Stewart, Cyndi Lauper, Angelique Kidjo, Tim Robbins, Morgan Freeman, Baaba Maal and Jesse Clegg during the Mandela Day concert.
With Dave Stewart, Cyndi Lauper, Angelique Kidjo, Tim Robbins, Morgan Freeman, Baaba Maal and Jesse Clegg during the Mandela Day concert.

Passionate about spreading the traditional African philosophy, Ubuntu, many of Mahlasela?s global tours throughout his career have been benefit concerts. He has also become an ambassador to the 46664 foundation — named after Mandela?s prison number and dedicated to raising awareness about HIV/AIDS.

“That spirit of collective good, it’s still in the principle of ubuntu,” he says. “Everyday kindness, love, forgiveness, reconciliation, so everything about us that makes us human.”

[The foundation provides] music lessons, but also to develop even those who are playing already and we do have outreach programs for primary schools.
Vusi Mahlasela

Honoring a career that spans 20 years and 10 albums, Mahlasela was recently given a lifetime achievement award in South Africa.

Watch: Vusi Mahlasela’s creative process

The singer is now focusing on helping younger generations, supporting Africa?s future generation of musicians and songwriters through the foundation he created in 2000.

“It is to give music lessons, but also to develop even those who are playing already and we do have outreach programs for primary schools,” says Mahlasela.

“They’re trying to encourage the schools and the governments to give lessons to the young ones and to encourage also the musicians or the students to start picking up folk, indigenous, traditional instruments, because it’s something that they really have to be proud of and to infuse them with Western instruments.”

On stage, Ubuntu shines through. Mahlasela?s distinctive vocals blend in wonderfully with his enchanting music, taking the listeners on an emotional journey.

“My music is sort of more accessible to every listener, young and old, they love my music,” he says.

“And I’ve seen it also happen that I have also gotten that energy back from the people — performing and after that when I’m going out there to sign CDs people will come to me with quite a lot of different great compliments, so it gives me the pleasurable feeling that I can really give something to the people and that will really change their lives to the better.”

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From propaganda to pop artist

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Song Byeok's paintings are often about coming to terms with life outside North Korea. Behind him is the painting "Child Warrior," depicting the curious North Korean custom of dressing children in military clothes on special birthdays. Song painted the boy with his eyes closed. Song Byeok’s paintings are often about coming to terms with life outside North Korea. Behind him is the painting “Child Warrior,” depicting the curious North Korean custom of dressing children in military clothes on special birthdays. Song painted the boy with his eyes closed.
"I risked my life on this painting," Song says of "Take Off Your Clothes," which created a stir by putting the late North Korean leader Kim Jong Il in a Marilyn Monroe pose. "In some ways, this picture represents me," Song said. "I hope after North Korean society opens up, people will debate it." It is used on this poster to promote Song's recent exhibit in Atlanta. “I risked my life on this painting,” Song says of “Take Off Your Clothes,” which created a stir by putting the late North Korean leader Kim Jong Il in a Marilyn Monroe pose. “In some ways, this picture represents me,” Song said. “I hope after North Korean society opens up, people will debate it.” It is used on this poster to promote Song’s recent exhibit in Atlanta.
North Korea built hundreds of statues of Kim Il Sung, founder of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. In "Beloved Father of Our Country," women in drab military clothing pay tribute to their "Great Leader." North Korea built hundreds of statues of Kim Il Sung, founder of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. In “Beloved Father of Our Country,” women in drab military clothing pay tribute to their “Great Leader.”
It was only after he lived outside North Korea that Song began to understand freedom and why it was so important. This, Song says, is his main message as an artist. It was only after he lived outside North Korea that Song began to understand freedom and why it was so important. This, Song says, is his main message as an artist.
Like much of Song's work, this painting, "Hope," is about the desire for a better future for his homeland. "Defectors naturally want to help things inside North Korea change," he said. "My way of doing that is to paint." Like much of Song’s work, this painting, “Hope,” is about the desire for a better future for his homeland. “Defectors naturally want to help things inside North Korea change,” he said. “My way of doing that is to paint.”
A work done in classic Tang Dynasty style, "Around the Tumen River" looks as if it could have been painted centuries ago. But an up-close view reveals the hard realities of life in North Korea. Farmers work without tractors, soldiers survive on fish they catch in a river, and people in hills scour for edible plants. A work done in classic Tang Dynasty style, “Around the Tumen River” looks as if it could have been painted centuries ago. But an up-close view reveals the hard realities of life in North Korea. Farmers work without tractors, soldiers survive on fish they catch in a river, and people in hills scour for edible plants.
In some ways, it's not a far jump from propaganda to pop art. In "Let Me Taste It," Song pays tribute to Andy Warhol, freedom of expression and the difficulties of life in North Korea.In some ways, it’s not a far jump from propaganda to pop art. In “Let Me Taste It,” Song pays tribute to Andy Warhol, freedom of expression and the difficulties of life in North Korea.
Before his death in December, North Korean society revolved around the Dear Leader. But in "General and Tribes People," Song shows Kim Jong Il's shadow shrinking to a taper when around people who don't buy into the myth. Before his death in December, North Korean society revolved around the Dear Leader. But in “General and Tribes People,” Song shows Kim Jong Il’s shadow shrinking to a taper when around people who don’t buy into the myth.
Like most North Korean families, Song's parents didn't want him to wear his shoes unless it was necessary. "Shoes cost parents three or four days' wages," Song said, "and children were expected to stitch their own repairs." In "Barefoot Boys," a T-shirt says "Nothing to Envy in the World." Like most North Korean families, Song’s parents didn’t want him to wear his shoes unless it was necessary. “Shoes cost parents three or four days’ wages,” Song said, “and children were expected to stitch their own repairs.” In “Barefoot Boys,” a T-shirt says “Nothing to Envy in the World.”
"Mass Game" depicts a trademark image of North Korea, where thousands participate in exercises of unity and patriotism. “Mass Game” depicts a trademark image of North Korea, where thousands participate in exercises of unity and patriotism.
It's not uncommon for North Koreans to describe the Dear Leader as a surrogate parent. In "A Loving Father and His Children," Song replaces the chubby, square-jawed children he painted as a propagandist with realistic images of child beggars found around many North Korean rail stations. Passers-by will sometimes pay them to sing; a popular song is "Our General is a Great Leader." It’s not uncommon for North Koreans to describe the Dear Leader as a surrogate parent. In “A Loving Father and His Children,” Song replaces the chubby, square-jawed children he painted as a propagandist with realistic images of child beggars found around many North Korean rail stations. Passers-by will sometimes pay them to sing; a popular song is “Our General is a Great Leader.”
In "Hillside Slums," the painting on the left, an image of Song's mother dominates the skyline over the house he grew up in. She told Song she was worried about Kim Jong Il's health before she herself died in the famine of the 1990s. By putting Kim in drag in "Fall Into My Arms," Song glamorizes all things foreign and wonders whether life would not be more exciting for North Korea if it was opened to the outside. In “Hillside Slums,” the painting on the left, an image of Song’s mother dominates the skyline over the house he grew up in. She told Song she was worried about Kim Jong Il’s health before she herself died in the famine of the 1990s. By putting Kim in drag in “Fall Into My Arms,” Song glamorizes all things foreign and wonders whether life would not be more exciting for North Korea if it was opened to the outside.
The girls in "Flower Children" are waving and posing for foreigners in the way they've been trained: brimming with confidence that they live in the world's greatest country. Song painted them with their eyes closed, blind to the reality of their poverty.The girls in “Flower Children” are waving and posing for foreigners in the way they’ve been trained: brimming with confidence that they live in the world’s greatest country. Song painted them with their eyes closed, blind to the reality of their poverty.
Song says he feels a bond with people from other countries where basic rights are restricted. "Freedom" expresses his hope that people everywhere will break their chains the way he broke his. Song says he feels a bond with people from other countries where basic rights are restricted. “Freedom” expresses his hope that people everywhere will break their chains the way he broke his.
Song takes a cigarette break with Greg Pence, an American who saw Song's work in Seoul, was moved by its power and organized the funds for an exhibit in the United States. Song takes a cigarette break with Greg Pence, an American who saw Song’s work in Seoul, was moved by its power and organized the funds for an exhibit in the United States.

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Editor’s note: This is part of look at North Korea from the vantage point of some of those who have escaped and defected. See an accompanying story about a family now living in the U.S.

Atlanta (CNN) — Song Byeok had every reason to be pleased with his success. A gift for drawing led to a prestigious career as a propaganda artist and full membership in North Korea’s communist party.

Then the food shortages started.

Like tens of thousands of other North Koreans in the mid-1990s, Song made forays across the Tumen River to find food in China. Despite witnessing a better material life across the border, he says, he never doubted that North Korea was culturally superior. He never considered leaving his homeland for anything more than food.

“I was a believer. I saw North Koreans as pure,” Song said. “And we needed the Great Leader to protect us from outsiders.”

Today, Song paints in Seoul, South Korea, his art haunted by his former whole-hearted belief in the North Korean regime. Song’s paintings chronicle a personal, often agonizing journey from child-like allegiance to the country’s founder and “Great Leader,” Kim Il Sung, and his son, “Dear Leader” Kim Jong Il, to Song’s life today as a contemporary artist.

Ever desperate for hard currency, the official website of North Korea offers propaganda art for sale, including some of Song Byeok's designs. Artwork promoting the North Korean regime is available on beer steins, clocks and even iPad and iPhone covers. The items are made in places as diverse and as far from North Korea as El Salvador and Pakistan. They are for sale in U.S. dollars and ship from California. This calendar sells for $5.99 and says "We must be determined to fight and win against imperialism." You can also order this motif on an insulated bottle or can holder.Ever desperate for hard currency, the official website of North Korea offers propaganda art for sale, including some of Song Byeok’s designs. Artwork promoting the North Korean regime is available on beer steins, clocks and even iPad and iPhone covers. The items are made in places as diverse and as far from North Korea as El Salvador and Pakistan. They are for sale in U.S. dollars and ship from California. This calendar sells for $5.99 and says “We must be determined to fight and win against imperialism.” You can also order this motif on an insulated bottle or can holder.

It may look like a nation at war, but in fact it's a North Korean greeting card. The caption says "Happy New Year."It may look like a nation at war, but in fact it’s a North Korean greeting card. The caption says “Happy New Year.”

Now available to foreigners on a coffee mug, Song Byeok painted this same design on three factory billboards inside North Korea. It says "Self-Reliance: This Is Our Only Belief." The mug is made in China. Now available to foreigners on a coffee mug, Song Byeok painted this same design on three factory billboards inside North Korea. It says “Self-Reliance: This Is Our Only Belief.” The mug is made in China.

The bottom line on this lime-green T-shirt reads, "Let's Build a Strong and Prosperous Country With the Power of Our Military." The bottom line on this lime-green T-shirt reads, “Let’s Build a Strong and Prosperous Country With the Power of Our Military.”

Song painted this design across the large exterior wall of a factory in North Korea. The gun and the dove dominate the scene, as the phrase beneath reads "Peace Through Fighting." Song painted this design across the large exterior wall of a factory in North Korea. The gun and the dove dominate the scene, as the phrase beneath reads “Peace Through Fighting.”

This battery-powered wall clock sells for $16.49, and in addition to telling the time, it tells you, "Let's Kick-Start the 'Military First' Policy." This was Kim Jong Il's policy of prioritizing the military's needs over food during the famine of the mid-1990s.This battery-powered wall clock sells for $16.49, and in addition to telling the time, it tells you, “Let’s Kick-Start the ‘Military First’ Policy.” This was Kim Jong Il’s policy of prioritizing the military’s needs over food during the famine of the mid-1990s.

The button on the right is emblazoned "All-or-Nothing War."The button on the right is emblazoned “All-or-Nothing War.”

If anyone were to think North Korean propaganda was relentlessly martial, this golf shirt (made in Pakistan) proclaims, "Let's Ignite the Fire for Peace." If anyone were to think North Korean propaganda was relentlessly martial, this golf shirt (made in Pakistan) proclaims, “Let’s Ignite the Fire for Peace.”

This beer stein declares, "In Life, In Death, Red Is In Our Hearts." This beer stein declares, “In Life, In Death, Red Is In Our Hearts.”

North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale
North Korean communism for sale

North Korean communism for saleNorth Korean communism for sale

In his former life, he would paint boyish-looking soldiers with heroic features across an entire side of a factory to inspire workers with the same patriotism he believed in.

His current paintings explore themes of freedom while skewering his former devotion to North Korea’s leaders. He paints children in military uniforms, their heads bowed and eyes closed. His trademark work shows Kim Jong Il’s face atop Marilyn Monroe’s famous film pose on a sidewalk grate, holding down her skirt as it billows around her hips.

The painting created a stir in South Korea, where American Greg Pence saw it and raised funds on Kickstarter to exhibit Song’s work this winter in Washington and Atlanta.

Song is passionate and sometimes brooding when discussing North Korea but gracious and open about his deeply personal passage from propaganda artist to painter who anguishes over oppression in North Korea.

Obama: North Korea will achieve nothing with provocation

Song’s journey to disbelief began the moment he watched, helpless, as his father was caught in a current during a river crossing to China and drowned. Song was halfway across when his father was swept away; he swam back but was unable to rescue him. Despondent, Song searched for his father’s body along the riverbank but was captured by North Korean border guards.

Despite his rank as a party member, getting caught meant questioning and torture by North Korean guards to confirm that he was not working for the South Koreans or the foreign missionaries based in China who proselytize among defectors.

“There were no exceptions,” he said. “All who are caught are investigated.”

In North Korea, a brutal choice

The torment of not recovering his father’s remains was much greater than the broken teeth and beatings, Song said. The beatings were so harsh, he said, he was close to death, and he believes that he was released so he would not die in custody.

More than bones, the guards’ treatment broke Song’s belief in the regime. He describes the moment he left jail as if a veil had been lifted: He saw the world with a new clarity. As he hobbled through the streets, wondering how he’d get home, he decided he wanted a different life. He decided to defect.

In a country of 25 million, only about 20,000 have defected and settled in South Korea, according to the South Korean government. There are no precise figures for how many defectors live in hiding in China; estimates from governments, researchers and non-governmental organizations vary from 25,000 to more than 400,000.

“When people are picked up in China and repatriated, they face prosecution back in North Korea if they are believed to have met with South Koreans or missionaries,” said Marcus Noland, a North Korea specialist at the Peterson Institute.

China labels North Korean escapees “economic migrants” and forcibly returns them despite accounts of torture and execution. So those hoping to defect must make their way across China to a third country.

Of those North Koreans interviewed in China, only about one in 10 say they left because of a longing for freedom, according to W. Courtland Robinson, a public health expert at Johns Hopkins University who has studied the issue for more than a decade.

The vast majority who leave give the same explanation Song did for his pre-defector forays into China during the famine: the search for work or food.

“The (North Korean) system is so integral to who you are,” Robinson said. “People generally don’t say ‘I am frustrated, and I want out.’ “

Song’s paintings explore that theme: a devotion to serving North Korea’s leaders so strong that citizens view it as part of their identity.

“Flower Children” shows a gaggle of smiling, uniformed schoolgirls waving and holding North Korea’s standard reading primers, “The Story of Kim Jong Il’s Childhood” and “History of Kim Il Sung.”

The girls exude childish charm, but some faces show a weariness that only comes with age, and their eyes are all closed. Their shoes have holes.

“They believe they are happy,” Song said. “They believe they are so much better off than the rest of the world because of their two leaders, who are like two suns.”

Song can still recite some of the pages from those reading primers, and he remembers walking to school in similar shoes.

Such memories inspire him to paint, he says, and he hopes people find his interpretations of those memories compelling.

“Tumen River” is done in classical Chinese style. At first glance, with its brushed mountain landscape, the painting looks like it could be from the Tang Dynasty. On closer inspection, its subtleties portray North Korea’s crippling poverty. Peasants work fields with oxen while nearby, a broken-down tractor rusts. Soldiers fish for their dinner downstream from women doing laundry by hand.

In the hills above the river are billboards common throughout North Korea, with phrases such as “All Glory To Our Nation’s Agricultural Independence” and “All Glory to Our Nation’s Great Strength.” Near the billboards, peasants dig for edible roots, which are commonly steamed in a kettle before being eaten.

“The past and the present of North Korea are the same,” Song said. “There is no progress.”

Despite the large and absolute devotion of most North Koreans to their government, Song is optimistic about their future under Kim Jong Un, who recently inherited the country’s reins after his father, the Dear Leader, died.

In a nation where every decision flows from the top, a change of leadership can transform everything.

“Kim Jong Un will want to try something new,” Song said. “You can not change the nature of youth.”

If Kim Jong Un allowed the population access to television, websites and radio from Seoul, with its opulent lifestyle, change would be inevitable, and the emotional connection to the government would gradually wither, Song believes.

Meanwhile, being caught with foreign media can mean public execution or three generations of your family being sent to prison camp. So few people outside the party elite dare to smuggle radios or DVDs from China.

But if those punishments were ever removed, Song says, North Koreans would probably lose their devotion to the regime as quickly as their Japanese neighbors stopped worshiping their emperor after World War II.

It would take only a clear view of the poverty and oppression in their life to spark cataclysmic demands for change, Song says. The spectacular failure of its command economy has made North Korea one of the poorest nations on Earth. By one plausible account, teenage defectors of the past decade are 5 inches shorter and 25 pounds lighter than their South Korean counterparts.

“I feel a great deal of anger now that I understand the problems” in North Korean society, he says. “I never felt it when I was there.”

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What Facebook says about U.S.

America must preserve and nurture its strengths to stay ahead, says Frida Ghitis.
America must preserve and nurture its strengths to stay ahead, says Frida Ghitis.

Editor’s note: Frida Ghitis is a world affairs columnist for The Miami Herald and World Politics Review. A former CNN producer/correspondent, she is the author of “The End of Revolution: A Changing World in the Age of Live Television.”

(CNN) — Facebook’s $104 billion initial public offering comes at a time when the United States is suffering a bout of self-doubt. Many wonder if America is falling behind as other countries are catching up fast. And yet the Facebook phenomenon did not occur in a vacuum.

You might say it could have happened anywhere. But it happened in America. And there was a reason for that.

A company created almost on a whim by a handful of college students rocketed to worldwide popularity in under a decade, bringing together some 900 million users and in the process transformed the way people communicate and interact with each other.

Frida Ghitis

It’s no coincidence that Facebook, like Google, Apple, Twitter and Intel, started in the United States. It’s also no coincidence the car, the airplane, the light bulb and the telephone were invented here. The fact that America is the birthplace of revolutionary ideas is not an accident.

Here are some of things Facebook tells us about America — not just what is right but what requires careful, urgent nurturing to preserve.

Still brewing that magic potion

The modern world knows there is a special, mysterious magic about America. Despite many serious problems, the main ingredients of that unique recipe remain. The United States has created an environment that fosters innovation and promotes creativity. There is no better place on earth to break with convention, think differently and blaze one’s own path. America’s government may look dysfunctional, its schools leave much to be desired and its financial institutions have the potential to cause disasters, but on the individual level the drive to dream big is as strong as ever. And the structure of support for those who have great ideas is still in place.

How America shapes the world

The days when Washington’s wish was the world’s command are over. But America’s “soft power” lives on. The great events of our time have unfolded partly as a result of American technologies. The Arab Spring of 2011 was aided by Facebook and Twitter. Interpersonal relationships have been recast by social media. The industrialized world could hardly function without its Google searches and iPhones. American movies, TV shows and music are emulated.

The drive of immigrant minds

America’s not-so-secret formula has always included attracting immigrants and helping them and their children flourish. According to a report by the Partnership for a New American Economy, more than 40% of the 2010 Fortune 500 companies were founded by immigrants or their children. One of Facebook’s founders, Eduardo Saverin, was born in Brazil. Google’s co-founder, Sergey Brin, came from Russia. Zuckerberg’s ancestors, as well as those of Facebook co-founder Dustin Moskovitz, were Jewish immigrants. As long as America continues to attract and welcome people with intelligence and entrepreneurial spirit, the country will pulsate with creative force.

Designed in America, made in China

Americans may be rolling out one great idea after another, but other countries are getting many of the jobs that come from its inventions. The iPad alone has created 700,000 manufacturing jobs in China. While American students are falling behind in international tests, the U.S. still has one of the best higher education systems in the world. We need to make sure our students not only attend college, but study the areas that will be critical to the future: science, technology, engineering and math. Maybe then they will find the ways that will allow American ideas to fuel employment in the country.

Government policies matter

Facebook is successful because bright minds created it, venture capitalists supported it and consumers embraced it. But that’s not the whole story. Facebook and other similar high-profile companies would not have made it without the right government decisions, ones that made the Internet possible or lowered the price of the microchips. While government funding of key industries is crucial, so is the decision to get out of the way at the right moment. America is one of the world’s best places to do business since government does not interfere much with the private sector. China is trying desperately to become a science and technology competitor to America, but it drove Google out of the country and its heavy-handed tactics have led to technology that mostly copies other countries’ ideas.

It’s not always about money

In the United States, people can make monumental fortunes when they have good ideas. But many of the most influential entrepreneurs are driven more by a sense of mission than materialistic pursuits. Zuckerberg could have sold out years ago and lived a life of luxury. Steve Jobs seemed unconcerned with worldly comforts. The real driver for these innovators is a wish to create and build. Those people whose only goal is to make millions sometimes live less fulfilling lives and occasionally cause serious trouble for the economy. Getting rich is fine, but it’s good for society and the world when individuals work to build more than just a fortune. Young technology entrepreneurs can follow the examples of the giants of their field. As a society, America should highlight the need to create and build, not just accumulate.

So, hurrah for Facebook. Hurrah to those who have transformed the world and our lives. And congratulations to America for creating a place where people’s ideas can become reality. Now learn from what you did right, America. And remember, others countries are also learning from America’s success. The secret is out.

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Prison, persecution and football

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Next month sees the start of football's European Championships, arguably the toughest competition in world football. Ukraine will co-host the event with Poland, but it has been overshadowed by the treatment of former Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko, who has been in prison since last October on charges of abuse of power.Next month sees the start of football’s European Championships, arguably the toughest competition in world football. Ukraine will co-host the event with Poland, but it has been overshadowed by the treatment of former Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko, who has been in prison since last October on charges of abuse of power.
It is alleged by Tymoshenko's supporters that charges against the former prime minister, who came to the fore during the Orange Revolution that swept Ukraine in 2004 and 2005, are politically motivated, trumped up by current president Viktor Yanukovych. They also allege that Tymoshenko was beaten while in prison.<br/><br/>It is alleged by Tymoshenko’s supporters that charges against the former prime minister, who came to the fore during the Orange Revolution that swept Ukraine in 2004 and 2005, are politically motivated, trumped up by current president Viktor Yanukovych. They also allege that Tymoshenko was beaten while in prison.
CNN spoke to Tymoshenko's daughter Eugenia about her mother's detention and alleged beating. The pictures caused a political firestorm, with many European leaders now boycotting the tournament.<br/><br/>CNN spoke to Tymoshenko’s daughter Eugenia about her mother’s detention and alleged beating. The pictures caused a political firestorm, with many European leaders now boycotting the tournament.
Dozens of European political figures have boycotted the event in protest at Tymoshenko's treatment, including the EU president and head of the EU commission Jose Manuel Barroso. Barroso is pictured here receiving an official Euro 2012 match ball from President Yanukovych just 18 months ago.Dozens of European political figures have boycotted the event in protest at Tymoshenko’s treatment, including the EU president and head of the EU commission Jose Manuel Barroso. Barroso is pictured here receiving an official Euro 2012 match ball from President Yanukovych just 18 months ago.
The controversy is a far cry from the euphoria that followed the Orange Revolution in 2004 and 2005. The uprising was sparked when Viktor Yushchenko lost the presidential election to the then prime minister Viktor Yanukovych after alleged voter fraud.The controversy is a far cry from the euphoria that followed the Orange Revolution in 2004 and 2005. The uprising was sparked when Viktor Yushchenko lost the presidential election to the then prime minister Viktor Yanukovych after alleged voter fraud.
Yushchenko was taken seriously ill during the uprising. His supporters alleged that he was deliberately poisoned to prevent him winning the election. But he survived and, after the allegations of vote fraud had provoked massive street protests, a new round of voting took place which Yushchenko won.Yushchenko was taken seriously ill during the uprising. His supporters alleged that he was deliberately poisoned to prevent him winning the election. But he survived and, after the allegations of vote fraud had provoked massive street protests, a new round of voting took place which Yushchenko won.
Although Yushchenko had won the election it was the blonde-haired figure of Tymoshenko that captured the public's attention. She was appointed prime minister in the new government.Although Yushchenko had won the election it was the blonde-haired figure of Tymoshenko that captured the public’s attention. She was appointed prime minister in the new government.
Here Tymoshenko meets with Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk. Although it was all smiles on the international stage, domestically Tymoshenko and President Yushchenko were locked in a bitter power struggle.Here Tymoshenko meets with Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk. Although it was all smiles on the international stage, domestically Tymoshenko and President Yushchenko were locked in a bitter power struggle.
The Ukrainian people had had enough of the infighting, and made a decisive decision in the 2010 presidential elections. Yushchenko received just 5% of the vote while Tymoshenko narrowly lost to Yanukovych, who had lost the 2004 election. This time international observers judged the election to be free and fair.<br/><br/>The Ukrainian people had had enough of the infighting, and made a decisive decision in the 2010 presidential elections. Yushchenko received just 5% of the vote while Tymoshenko narrowly lost to Yanukovych, who had lost the 2004 election. This time international observers judged the election to be free and fair.
Preparations for Euro 2012 did not run smoothly. The new president promised to allay UEFA's concerns over the slow building work. Here Ukrainian riot police practice ahead of the arrival of tens of thousands of football fans from across Europe. But there are still some worries. Amnesty International issued a warning to fans that Ukraine's police exhibited "criminal" behavior. Preparations for Euro 2012 did not run smoothly. The new president promised to allay UEFA’s concerns over the slow building work. Here Ukrainian riot police practice ahead of the arrival of tens of thousands of football fans from across Europe. But there are still some worries. Amnesty International issued a warning to fans that Ukraine’s police exhibited “criminal” behavior.
The preparations were completed and Ukraine now awaits the biggest sporting event to ever take place in the country's history. But how many European heads of state will actually turn up for the final at the $500 million Olympic Stadium in the capital Kiev on July 1?The preparations were completed and Ukraine now awaits the biggest sporting event to ever take place in the country’s history. But how many European heads of state will actually turn up for the final at the $500 million Olympic Stadium in the capital Kiev on July 1?
That will largely depend on the fate of Tymoshenko, pictured here kissing her daughter Eugenia goodbye after being convicted last year. Germany's Chancellor Angela Merkel is one of several politicians watching and waiting before making a decision.That will largely depend on the fate of Tymoshenko, pictured here kissing her daughter Eugenia goodbye after being convicted last year. Germany’s Chancellor Angela Merkel is one of several politicians watching and waiting before making a decision.

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(CNN) — No one used the word reward, but the subtext was clear for all to see.

In April 2007, when Poland and Ukraine were surprisingly awarded the right to co-host the 2012 European Championship — one of international football’s top tournaments after the World Cup — both countries’ delegations exploded with joy.

For the Ukrainians it was especially poignant. At the center of the celebrations was President Viktor Yushchenko, who had come to power leading the 2004 Orange Revolution, ignited when the election battle between him and the then Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych was allegedly riddled with fraud.

Massive street protests swept away the old regime, whose last desperate attempt to cling on to power, according to supporters of Yushchenko, was a plot to poison the challenger. Yushchenko barely survived.

But survive he did, and the chance to host Euro 2012 was redemption. Ukraine was finally, post communism, moving towards democracy and the rule of law. Euro 2012 represented a chance, as the Olympics did in Seoul and Tokyo decades before, for sport to welcome Ukraine into the club of free nations.

“We will be able to show millions of fans the unforgettable charm of our cities and the history they have preserved so beautifully,” Yushchenko said when Ukraine’s joint bid was selected to host the tournament.

“And put on display of Slav hospitality and culture.”

A coronation

The final in Kiev on July 1, 2012, was to be the coronation. But with a month to go until Ukraine was to enjoy its moment in the sun, Yushchenko’s words ring hollow. He was voted out of power in 2010, his Orange Revolution unraveling as, according to his supporters, the new president Yanukovych — ironically the man he defeated in 2004 — tries to roll back the gains made eight years ago.

And far from highlighting Ukraine’s development, Euro 2012 has done the opposite. Instead European statesmen and women are boycotting the event as the blond heroine of the Orange Revolution, former Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko, languishes in a prison cell thanks to what her supporters claim are spurious political charges.

Last week her family released pictures of what they say is proof that Tymoshenko was beaten up in prison, which the Ukrainian government denies.

“Her condition is worsening, her physical condition,” her daughter Eugenia Tymoshenko told CNN.

“That was after eight days of hunger strike. She was already much weaker because of the attacks when they beat her on April 20. Because of her protest her morale is very strong (but) we have asked her to stop her hunger strike.”

Tymoshenko has been in prison since October last year. She received a seven-year sentence for abuse of power over the signing of a gas deal with Russia that the current president deemed detrimental to the national interest. But few outside of Ukraine saw it as anything other than the persecution of a political rival.

“Once she was arrested, there was a whole machine that started working,” said Eugenia.

“They wanted to keep her in jail as her popularity was growing. She is now more popular. It is mostly fear that moved him and his people to keep her there until the (parliamentary) elections in October this year.”

All 16 competing nations at Euro 2012 will head to Poland and Ukraine next year dreaming of reaching the final at Kiev's Olympic Stadium on July 1. The venue in the Ukrainian capital has been renovated ahead of the championship, having originally been constructed in the 1920's. In addtion to the final, the Olympic Stadium will also host a quarterfinal and some Group D matches.All 16 competing nations at Euro 2012 will head to Poland and Ukraine next year dreaming of reaching the final at Kiev’s Olympic Stadium on July 1. The venue in the Ukrainian capital has been renovated ahead of the championship, having originally been constructed in the 1920′s. In addtion to the final, the Olympic Stadium will also host a quarterfinal and some Group D matches.

The Donbass Arena in Donetsk is home to Ukrainian champions and 2009 UEFA Cup winners Shakhtar Donetsk. Opened in August 2009, the stadium will host a semifinal, quarterfinal and Group D matches.The Donbass Arena in Donetsk is home to Ukrainian champions and 2009 UEFA Cup winners Shakhtar Donetsk. Opened in August 2009, the stadium will host a semifinal, quarterfinal and Group D matches.

The National Stadium in the Polish capital of Warsaw has a capacity of over 58,000 and will play host to a semifinal, a quarterfinal and Group A matches. Euro 2012 will kick-off at the newly-built arena on June 8.The National Stadium in the Polish capital of Warsaw has a capacity of over 58,000 and will play host to a semifinal, a quarterfinal and Group A matches. Euro 2012 will kick-off at the newly-built arena on June 8.

Work began on the 43,000-seater Arena Gdansk in 2008, with the stadium now the home of Polish team Lechia Gdansk having opened in August 2011. The stadium will host a quarterfinal and three Group C matches.Work began on the 43,000-seater Arena Gdansk in 2008, with the stadium now the home of Polish team Lechia Gdansk having opened in August 2011. The stadium will host a quarterfinal and three Group C matches.

The Ukrayina Stadium is home to Ukrainian outfit Karpaty Lviv and is pictured here during an explosive opening ceremony in October 2011. The arena holds just under 35,000 fans and will be the venue for three Group B ties.The Ukrayina Stadium is home to Ukrainian outfit Karpaty Lviv and is pictured here during an explosive opening ceremony in October 2011. The arena holds just under 35,000 fans and will be the venue for three Group B ties.

The Kharkiv Stadium is the home ground of Ukrainian team Metalist Kharkiv and was renovated ahead of next year's tournament. The venue for three Group B matches, the ground can hold 38,000 fans.The Kharkiv Stadium is the home ground of Ukrainian team Metalist Kharkiv and was renovated ahead of next year’s tournament. The venue for three Group B matches, the ground can hold 38,000 fans.

The Miejski Stadium was originally built in 1980, but the arena in the Polish city of Poznan has been updated for Euro 2012. It is the home of Lech Poznan and will stage three Group C matches.The Miejski Stadium was originally built in 1980, but the arena in the Polish city of Poznan has been updated for Euro 2012. It is the home of Lech Poznan and will stage three Group C matches.

The Municipal Stadium in Wroclaw holds 42,000 fans and will be the venue for three Group A clashes. Home to Polish team Slask Wroclaw, the arena was opened in September.The Municipal Stadium in Wroclaw holds 42,000 fans and will be the venue for three Group A clashes. Home to Polish team Slask Wroclaw, the arena was opened in September.

Metalist Stadium, Kharkiv
Municipal Stadium, Wroclaw

The stadiums of Euro 2012The stadiums of Euro 2012

“It’s just political repression and they have moved to physical destruction. That has become critical. My mother is now on hunger strike because other political prisoners are suffering in jail with no medical help.”

Political controversy

The pictures of Tymoshenko, baring her bruises to the camera, have created a firestorm in Europe’s corridors of power. When it emerged that Germany’s Chancellor Angela Merkel was considering a boycott of the event to protest Tymoshenko’s treatment, other EU leaders followed suit.

EU president Herman Van Rompuy has said he won’t attend — as has Jose Manuel Barroso, president of the European Commission, who less than 12 months ago had met with President Yanukovych and was presented with an official Euro 2012 match ball. The governments of Austria and Belgium have all said they will not be attending. Poland’s opposition, who were in power when the Euros were awarded, has called for Ukraine’s matches to be moved to Warsaw. The British and German governments are re-evaluating their positions.

Even some of the players have spoken out. Germany captain Philipp Lahm told newspaper Der Spiegel that he did not find his “views of democratic fundamental rights, human rights, personal freedom or press freedom to be reflected in the present political situation in Ukraine.”

While Russian premier Vladimir Putin has criticized the boycotts — stating that “you can’t mix politics, business and other issues with sport” — and the Ukrainian foreign ministry has condemned the outcry for causing “damage to the interests of millions of ordinary Ukrainians that vote for various political parties or are not interested in politics at all,” others point the finger of blame for the crisis at the Ukrainian government.

“There has been progress in many ways and the last round of elections that elected Yanukovych was largely free and fair,” admitted Hugh Williamson, Europe and Central Asia director of Human Rights Watch.

“But we have particular concerns about what Yanukovych has done in prosecuting his political opponents. Few (Ukrainian government figures) have spoken out about her (Tymoshenko’s) mistreatment and there’s clear evidence that the charges against her are politically motivated.”

Should fans boycott?

While Human Rights Watch stops short of calling for a fan boycott of the tournament, it does support moves by political leaders to make a stand.

We will be able to show millions of fans the unforgettable charm of our cities
Former president Viktor Yushchenko

“Should politicians watch matches? We think they should speak out clearly. If they decide to not see a match … we welcome that that is a clear signal,” Williamson said.

“One could see a more extreme case with China and the (2008) Olympics. There’s a clear risk that by allowing such countries to host such sporting contests, it legitimizes their actions.”

Yet the scandal has highlighted a much more fundamental tension at the heart of Ukrainian society: whether, as those that led the Orange Revolution contest, Ukraine’s future lays westwards, towards the EU; or whether its future is in the east and with Russia, the direction in which the current president is moving.

“The story of the European Championships was supposed to be bridge building between the two different Europes, cooperation across borders between east and west,” argued Dr. Andrew Wilson, an expert in Ukrainian politics at Britain’s University College London.

“But no, the story now is the good performance of Poland. Their success is in stark contrast with the problems in Ukraine.”

He also suggested that the criticism that has followed the Tymoshenko case could push many Ukrainians away from EU integration, and towards the Kremlin’s sphere of influence.

“Yes the boycott will have an effect,” Wilson said.

“Prestige matters to this guy Yanukovych. They hoped the Euros would give them prestige. The argument that Ukrainians will turn to Russia is one made by Ukrainians. They say: ‘Criticize us after we’ve made it, not before.’ “

Not everyone is sympathetic to Tymoshenko’s plight in Ukraine. President Yanukovych has repeatedly said that there was a criminal case to answer for. “If Tymoshenko were looking for a compromise she would tell the truth to the Ukrainian people about why she broke the law,” he told British newspaper The Times in a bellicose interview last year.

It’s just political repression and they have moved to physical destruction
Yulia Tymoshenko’s daughter Eugenia

Orange fatigue

And others point to Tymoshenko’s poor political performance while prime minister for the lack of sympathy she has received in Ukraine.

“The Orange Revolution was a huge disappointment,” explained Wilson.

“Media improved, civil society is stronger, but the Orange leaders fought like rats in a sack, especially Tymoshenko and former President Yushchenko. After five years of infighting, there was Orange fatigue.”

Others in Ukraine point to the the failure of arguably the most infamous sporting boycott in history: the decision by the U.S. to snub the 1980 Moscow Olympics in protest at the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan. The Soviets returned the favor four years after for the 1984 Los Angeles Games.

“The experience of boycotting the Olympic Games of 1980 in Moscow by the West and the counter strike (by the) Socialist camp of the Games in Los Angeles did not influence political events too much but spoiled the careers of some great athletes,” says Oleg Zadernovsky, a Ukrainian sports journalist who writes for World Soccer magazine.

“The whole country expects something similar to a game of football with two halves.

The issue of moving the tournament [to Poland] was not considered even theoretically
Markiyan Lubkivskyi

“At first Ukrainians would like to host with honor and dignity the biggest ever sporting event on its territory, while the second half will start in October this year when many of them will go to the ballot boxes to support opposition parties who promise to free Yulia Tymoshenko.”

Yet for all the pressure, the tournament is unlikely to be moved. In a statement, the head of Ukraine’s Euro 2012 organizing committee Markiyan Lubkivskyi admitted that while “there are certain appeals by European politicians to UEFA” over the issue of Tymoshenko as well as a myriad of other security concerns, “the issue of moving the tournament (to Poland) was not considered even theoretically. It is impossible from a technical point of view or otherwise.”

But as the political row rages, Tymoshenko remains in jail on hunger strike as Ukraine’s reputation crumbles. What once seemed like a reward now looks like a curse. Eugenia Tymoshenko believes that the blame rests with one man.

“The political boycott is the result of the government and the actions of President Yanukovych that are against European standards that the EU wants to see,” she said.

“The previous government had given (Ukraine) this wondrous opportunity for this celebration of sport with the European Championships.

“And I think European leaders do not want to be see (the president) use this politically, using repression and torture against political opponents.”

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Senator Fears Law May OK Seizing Musicians’ Guitars

Could federal law be cited to confiscate the instruments of American artists traveling abroad for the summer concert season?

If so, federal law is going to need a little tweaking, Sen. Lamar Alexander said.

?I don?t want the musicians from Nashville who are flying to Canada to perform this summer to worry about the government seizing their guitars,? Alexander, R-Tenn., said Friday in a statement released by his office.

Why seize guitars? Because many of those instruments are made from exotic woods that were outlawed by a 2008 amendment to the Lacey Act, an amendment Alexander himself wrote.

In 2008, Alexander and fellow Sen. Ron Wyden, D-Wash., moved to protect the American forest products industry by adding wood to the century-old Lacey Act ? which was passed to protect endangered birds, whose feathers were prized for ladies? hats.

American timber companies were being unfairly undercut by foreign sources of wood, many of which were illegally logged. Environmental groups also supported the amendment for curbing illegal logging in rainforests by imposing criminal penalties for trading in endangered species of wood.

It was that same amendment that led federal agents to raid the factories of Gibson Guitars in 2009 and again in 2011 ? raids in which substantial quantities of musical instrument-grade wood were seized. It also ignited a firestorm of fear among musicians that the feds could come gunning for their instruments, unless they had extensive documentation on when the guitar was made and where the wood was from.

After pointed questions from Rep. Marsha Blackburn, R-Tenn., and other lawmakers, the U.S. Department of Justice and the Fish and Wildlife Service sent a letter assuring musicians that they would not be targeted for ?unknowingly? possessing instruments that were manufactured from illegal wood.

But Alexander wants to make clear that the Lacey Act ?was not intended to seize instruments made of wood harvested before 2008.? He said he and Wyden plan to write a letter to the federal agencies to clarify that point.

Both senators held a roundtable discussion with representatives from the music and wood import industries ? along with conservation groups — to discuss the intent and impact of the Lacey Act amendment.

Alexander said he hoped to reduce “confusion, uncertainty and paperwork for wood importers and musical instrument manufacturers through administrative regulation.” Failing that, he promised he and Wyden would move to amend the Lacey Act.

Without indicating how he felt about Gibson?s guilt or innocence regarding the 2009 and 2011 seizures, Alexander dipped a toe in that water, saying, ?We held this roundtable because instrument makers like Gibson Guitars in Tennessee are an important part of our music industry. And if the Lacey Act as written is keeping them from being able to get the wood they need to make instruments, we need to make every effort to fix the regulation.?

That has to be music to Gibson?s ears, which has had to switch to alternative woods, even composite materials, because they have been unable to import Indian ebony and rosewood since last year’s raid. Buyers of their expensive, high-end products are picky about the type of wood that is used in a Gibson guitar. Gibson is concerned it may lose market share to other manufacturers if it can’t resupply with Indian woods.

The acknowledgement that the Lacey Act may need ?fixing? is a significant development in the dispute surrounding Gibson, exotic woods and the musical instrument industry.  And months after the raid against Gibson, there is still no word from the Justice Department whether the company will even face charges.

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Musician’s Buenos Aires journey

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Sarah Chang is cited among the best violinists performing in the world today. Since her debut with the New York Philharmonic at the age of eight, she has appeared across the music capitals of Asia, Europe and America. Sarah Chang is cited among the best violinists performing in the world today. Since her debut with the New York Philharmonic at the age of eight, she has appeared across the music capitals of Asia, Europe and America.
Now 31 years old, Chang picked up the violin when she was just four, having already grown tired of the household piano. Quickly recognized as a child prodigy, Chang had signed to EMI Classics before she'd even reached double digits.

Now 31 years old, Chang picked up the violin when she was just four, having already grown tired of the household piano. Quickly recognized as a child prodigy, Chang had signed to EMI Classics before she’d even reached double digits.

Still in her early 20s, Chang is seen here clutching her priceless 17th-century "Guarneri del Gesu" violin, given to her as a present by the late Ukrainian violinist and conductor Isaac Stern, who had a reputation for discovering new talent.

Still in her early 20s, Chang is seen here clutching her priceless 17th-century “Guarneri del Gesu” violin, given to her as a present by the late Ukrainian violinist and conductor Isaac Stern, who had a reputation for discovering new talent.

A life dedicated to the formality of classical music is very different from a life led in the frenetic city of Buenos Aires -- where racy murals decorate the streets and the sound of tango music echoes in the air. But this is where Chang had chosen to fly for her Fusion Journey. A life dedicated to the formality of classical music is very different from a life led in the frenetic city of Buenos Aires — where racy murals decorate the streets and the sound of tango music echoes in the air. But this is where Chang had chosen to fly for her Fusion Journey.
There she met with local ensemble "Orquesta Tipica Andariega" (pictured), a band steeped in the traditions of tango. Together they would create a new piece of music inspired by this meeting of cultures. There she met with local ensemble “Orquesta Tipica Andariega” (pictured), a band steeped in the traditions of tango. Together they would create a new piece of music inspired by this meeting of cultures.
But first Chang, who confesses to be the owner of "two left feet," would take a lesson in the other side of tango -- dance. Over the course of her practice, she discovered that the dance moves have an "intimate relationship with the music," which she would later draw on to enhance her musical performance.But first Chang, who confesses to be the owner of “two left feet,” would take a lesson in the other side of tango — dance. Over the course of her practice, she discovered that the dance moves have an “intimate relationship with the music,” which she would later draw on to enhance her musical performance.
Out of her customary ball gown, Chang donned an outfit more befitting of a small local tango club, hidden along a narrow backstreet in Buenos Aires.Out of her customary ball gown, Chang donned an outfit more befitting of a small local tango club, hidden along a narrow backstreet in Buenos Aires.
Here, accompanied by "Orquesta Tipica Andariega," she performed a tango standard, incorporating a solo violinist twist adapted especially for the fusion. Looking back, she says she was touched by the intimacy between the performers and the audience -- an experience she is unfamiliar with in the world's giant concert halls.Here, accompanied by “Orquesta Tipica Andariega,” she performed a tango standard, incorporating a solo violinist twist adapted especially for the fusion. Looking back, she says she was touched by the intimacy between the performers and the audience — an experience she is unfamiliar with in the world’s giant concert halls.
Now, she says she tries to retain that Buenos Aires-style intimacy wherever she plays. "I try to connect with every single last person in the balcony on an emotional and personal level."Now, she says she tries to retain that Buenos Aires-style intimacy wherever she plays. “I try to connect with every single last person in the balcony on an emotional and personal level.”

Editor’s note: Part culture show, part travel show, over six weeks Fusion Journeys takes six stars of the creative world on a journey of discovery to a location of their choice. There, they will learn from a different culture and create something new inspired by their experience. Watch the show every Monday, Wednesday and Friday from April 9 to May 18, during Connect The World, from 20:00 GMT.

(CNN) — Since her debut with the New York Philharmonic at the age of eight, Sarah Chang has grown through the weight of expectation to become one of the world’s great violinists.

Now aged 31, Chang was born in Philadelphia to a composer and music teacher of Korean descent. She first dabbled with the piano at the age of three, before opting for the violin a year later. By five she had been accepted into New York’s prestigious Juilliard School for Performing Arts.

By her own acknowledgment, the world of grand orchestras and opera houses that she has so long inhabited can be “very formal” and “exclusive.” This perhaps goes some way to explain her choice of destination for her “Fusion Journey” challenge: Buenos Aires.

Here, in the hot-blooded Argentinean capital, she would meet with local band “Orquesta Tipica Andariega,” to learn first-hand the sensual and mysterious art of tango.

See more Fusion Journeys

During her visit, Chang was challenged to produce a fusion of sound that blended the traditions of Western classical music with tango’s emotionally raw and folksy heritage. She says that the process has given her performance a new-found sense of intimacy that she’s carried ever since.

In her own words, Chang tells the story of her Fusion Journey.

Sarah Chang: I’ve been trained as a classical violinist my entire life. It’s all about structure, all about technique. It’s very much a polished profession. But tango music, although it has some classical elements, is very sexy and rough and, in a way, from the earth.

When you walk along the streets of Buenos Aires, fun is in the air. You see children with barely anything on their feet playing soccer, and there is music on every corner. They are playing all sorts of Latin sounds; they’re all dancing and drinking; they’re enjoying life; they are loving life.

One of the cornerstones of tango is definitely the dancing, so I first met up with dance instructor Nora Schvartz.

Now, I’m not really a dancer. I’m a very physical performer when I’m on stage, but of course tango is a completely different thing to thrusting around when you’re performing as a violinist.

I learned that the best tango dancers move not just with their legs and arms, but from their guts. That’s the sign of a true art form, and it’s the source of so much beauty, so much soul and passion.

Even though I absolutely cannot dance — just watch the footage! — I always thought that to experience the whole picture, you really have to open up your vulnerabilities, and sort of take that risk.

There I was, playing songs I’d never played before, alongside instruments I’d never heard before, with a group I’d never met before
Sarah Chang, violinist

Read related: Photographer’s Lapland journey highlights global warming

Tango is — in a sense — imperfect … albeit beautifully imperfect. It’s not about being always metronomically on time, it’s about spontaneity and freedom.

I’ve worked, of course, with a piano and an orchestra before — but never with a band. All of a sudden I find myself rehearsing with the “Orquesta Tipica Andariega,” an extremely talented local tango group. So there I was, playing songs I’d never played before, alongside instruments I’d never heard before, with a group I’d never met before — it was thrilling!

The piece we chose for our fusion was by Carlos Gardel — the biggest name in the history of tango. The tune itself is very famous — it’s used in all these movies, you name it, any famous tango scene. But as far as I know, there is no version for a band with a solo violinist, so I asked a composer friend of mine to make an arrangement for us.

I was really thrilled with the result. We performed it in this intimate little club and it felt so immediate. Everyone was there, drinking wine, dancing, looking so happy. There were no rigid rules, none of this “clap here, oh you have to be quiet here.” Instead, the audience were whistling and yelling and clapping along — it felt like they were right up there with us.

Literally, if I just stretched my arm, I could touch them, they were so close. That sort of intimacy, that sort of physical closeness, the fact that they were dancing when we were playing, I just thought was so beautiful.

I try to connect with every single last person in the balcony on an emotional and personal level
Sarah Chang, violinist

“Fusions” can often turn out badly — I can think of some fusion cuisine that I wish I could forget! But when each side brings just the right balance of their experience, their culture and personality, then I think it can be magical — and the only way you know it has worked is when everyone has a smile on their face.

Classical music is one of the world’s longest-standing traditional forms of music-making out there — and I don’t think it will, or should, change over night. There is a sort of purity in what classical musicians do that I cherish very much and want to preserve.

But the big thing that I really took from this experience is that sense of connecting with the audience. Quite often, in grand concert halls where everyone is wearing elegant ball gowns and black tails — that kind of old-Hollywood glamor — it can feel like there is a big distance between the audience and the performers, a sense of “look, but don’t touch.”

But with Argentinean tango, it’s the opposite. They are saying “please touch, please come into and share my world.” Now, every concert that I do, I try to utilize that, I try to connect with every single last person in the balcony on an emotional and personal level.

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Newborn infant attacked by family dog at her Ohio home suffers head trauma, dies hours later

An Ohio coroner’s investigator says a 3-day-old infant died hours after she was attacked by a family dog while sitting in a swing.

The investigator tells The Blade in Toledo (http://bit.ly/KX2JTo ) the baby girl suffered head trauma at a home near Beaverdam in northern Allen County on Thursday evening. He says the attack apparently lasted only seconds.

He says the girl’s parents were in a different room and said they didn’t hear noises from the dog or the infant.

She was flown to a Toledo hospital, where she died. An autopsy was planned.

A sheriff’s officer said the dog appeared to be a “pit bull” mix. It was put in the custody of the county dog warden.

___

Information from: The Blade, http://www.toledoblade.com/

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‘Social Network’ writer to pen Jobs film

Aaron Sorkin, seen at the Academy Awards ceremony in February, will write and direct a new film on Steve Jobs.
Aaron Sorkin, seen at the Academy Awards ceremony in February, will write and direct a new film on Steve Jobs.

(CNN) — Aaron Sorkin, the celebrated screenwriter whose punchy dialogue propelled TV’s “The West Wing” and the Facebook movie “The Social Network,” will write and direct an upcoming film on the life of Apple co-founder Steve Jobs.

Sony Pictures has confirmed that Sorkin will adapt “Steve Jobs,” the in-depth biography of the tech icon that was written by Walter Isaacson and released shortly after Jobs’ death last year.

“Steve Jobs’ story is unique: he was one of the most revolutionary and influential men not just of our time but of all time,” Amy Pascal, co-chair of Sony Pictures Entertainment, said in a written release.

“There is no writer working in Hollywood today who is more capable of capturing such an extraordinary life for the screen than Aaron Sorkin; in his hands, we’re confident that the film will be everything that Jobs himself was: captivating, entertaining, and polarizing.”

Sorkin won an Academy Award for adapting “The Social Network,” which in 2010 propelled Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg to household-name status. His other work includes “A Few Good Men,” “Moneyball,” “Charlie Wilson’s War,” “The West Wing” and “Sports Night.”

The yet-unnamed Steve Jobs film will be Sorkin’s first movie-directing gig.

Sony reportedly wanted Sorkin for the film and began courting him immediately after securing the rights to Isaacson’s book late last year.

Sorkin actually knew Jobs and wrote a piece for The Daily Beast about his memories of Jobs after his death. He wrote that he and Jobs had developed a “phone friendship” that led Jobs to invite him to write a movie for Pixar (the animation studio Jobs ran) and to tour Apple.

“I told him I’d take him up on it and I never did,” Sorkin wrote. “But I still keep thinking about that Pixar movie. And for me, that’s Steve’s legacy. That, and the fact that I wrote this on a Mac that I loved taking out of the box.”

Another Jobs movie is also in the works. An independent film starring “That ’70s Show” alum Ashton Kutcher is scheduled to begin filming in May.

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Work boredom: ‘The new stress?’

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Mark de Rond, from the University of Cambridge's Judge Business School, spent six weeks studying military surgeons at Camp Bastion in Afghanistan.Mark de Rond, from the University of Cambridge’s Judge Business School, spent six weeks studying military surgeons at Camp Bastion in Afghanistan.
When they are busy, the surgeons are "brutally effective," says de Rond. But he adds: "The problem is when people don't have anything to do."When they are busy, the surgeons are “brutally effective,” says de Rond. But he adds: “The problem is when people don’t have anything to do.”
British soldiers play rugby at Camp Bastion in Helmand province. De Rond says boredom had a destabilizing effect and that when bored, surgeons can become "like big bears -- you just don't want to be around them."British soldiers play rugby at Camp Bastion in Helmand province. De Rond says boredom had a destabilizing effect and that when bored, surgeons can become “like big bears — you just don’t want to be around them.”

(CNN) — Boredom is an unlikely new frontier in workplace research. Commonly associated with goofing off, taking absurdly long lunch-breaks, and playing internet games on the sly, new studies suggest it’s something that affects high-performing employees as well as those in menial jobs.

Sandi Mann, a senior psychology lecturer at the University of Central Lancashire, in England, says boredom is the second most commonly hidden workplace emotion, after anger, and believes modern workplaces are becoming more boring.

“Changes in legislation all the time leads to bureaucratic procedures that people find boring,” she says. “We seem to be in a culture of having meetings, which a lot of people find boring. There are a lot of automated systems now, so a lot of the things we do are quite remote. We have more people working night shifts, which are more boring because you’ve got fewer people to talk to.”

In addition, Mann feels that, as a society, we’re becoming less inclined to tolerate boredom. She says: “People have more of an expectation to be fulfilled by everything they do. Compare our grandparents’ generation: there wasn’t any desire to have self-actualization and to reach their potential. They didn’t go down the coal mines in order to be fulfilled.

“That attitude has changed. Now, we get people quite commonly quitting higher paid jobs for jobs that are lower paid but more satisfying.”

Despite its proliferation, Mann thinks there’s little awareness about boredom, which she deems “the new stress.”

Whereas stress management courses are 10 a penny, organizations are terrified to admit their workers might be bored.
Sandi Mann, University of Central Lancashire

“It’s as stressful as stress but, whereas stress management courses are 10 a penny, organizations are terrified to admit their workers might be bored,” she adds.

See also: Extreme retreats: fire walks and snow survival with your workmates

Last year, Mark de Rond, from the University of Cambridge’s Judge Business School, spent six weeks studying military surgeons at Camp Bastion in Afghanistan. He found that boredom had a destabilizing effect, even on otherwise high-performing individuals.

In his first week, de Rond saw 174 casualties arrive, observed 23 amputations and 134 hours of operating. A good proportion were local children. Although the work is mentally and emotionally demanding, the surgeons are “brutally effective,” he says.

“I don’t think I’ve seen teams more effective than when someone’s bleeding out in Bastion. It’s almost beautiful to watch. They’re so very composed; it’s so noise-free. The problem is when people don’t have anything to do,” says de Rond.

According to de Rond, although there are days when no casualties come in, because the surgeons are on call around the clock, they can never really relax. As they wait for helicopters to bring in casualties, they feel guilty for wishing for more work. They start to compete with each other, become critical of each other’s efforts, and become reflective about the futility of it all. “As they become unhappy, they become like big bears — you just don’t want to be around them,” de Rond says.

A study on the link between counterproductive work behavior and boredom by researchers at Montclair State University and University of South Florida identifies six ways bored employees might harm their organizations: by abusing others, by “production deviance” (purposely failing at tasks), sabotage, withdrawal, theft and horseplay. Of these, the most common is withdrawal (absence, lateness, taking long breaks) says the University of South Florida’s Paul Spector.

He and his co-researchers drew on studies that show that some people are more boredom-prone than others. These people are more likely to get angry, engage in risky driving, display aggression and hostility, and lack honesty and humility.

At the bottom of it all is resentment: “To some extent these behaviors can be the product of someone just getting back at the employer, blaming the employer for creating boring conditions, and trying to strike back,” Spector says.

He adds that there’s little correlation between workload and boredom. “You can be very busy and still be bored. And you could be distressed even though you’re not all that busy — if you just hate what you’re doing.”

Give people something to care about more than themselves.
Dr Mark de Rond

De Rond has also seen a kind of “existential” boredom manifest in professional services firms. “That’s not a result of having nothing to do — they have nothing worthwhile to do.”

See also: Why ambition could make you rich, but not happy

The solution, according to de Rond, is “disarmingly straightforward.” “Provided everyone is capable, all you have to do is to give people something to care about more than themselves,” he says.

Bastion provides an example. “You’ve got casualties coming in who will die if you don’t do something quickly — that is more important than yourself, at that point. Teams work incredibly effectively when that happens,” he says.

To replicate this effect, leaders need to explain to teams “why what they do is important, who it matters to and why.” “It’s that that keeps a team focused,” de Rond says. “Otherwise it’s just work.”

De Rond also believes it’s necessary for workplaces to engineer a culture of “psychological safety” in which “it’s okay to ask questions.”

Allowing employees to air the doubts and anxieties that arise when they are bored is, he notes, “a very frightening thing” for organizations to do. “Most people would suspect that if you start questioning protocol, you then eat into morale.”

But in an environment of psychological safety, he theorizes, “what you should see is some of the vulnerability of the people involved. It’s where people can be okay with that, instead of being defensive about it. If anything, it should really boost morale.”

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Italian cruise ship wreckage will be gone by early 2013, salvage firm says

The head of a U.S.-owned marine salvage company chosen to remove the wreck of the Costa Concordia cruise ship from the waters off Tuscany is predicting the vessel will be ready for towing by early next year.

Capt. Richard Habib is the managing director of Titan Salvage. He says the ship now lying on its side on rocky seabed near the port of Giglio island, will be back upright by the start of winter.

He said in Rome on Friday that once afloat, the wreckage will be towed to an Italian port for demolition.

Thirty-two people perished when the Concordia slammed into a reef off Giglio on Jan. 13. The ship’s captain is under house arrest while being investigated for alleged manslaughter and abandoning ship during evacuation.

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S. African brew a global hit

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Rooibos, South Africa's naturally caffeine-free tea, has become a popular choice for tea lovers across the world. Rooibos, South Africa’s naturally caffeine-free tea, has become a popular choice for tea lovers across the world.
Its appeal has grown in recent years because of the drink's health benefits.Its appeal has grown in recent years because of the drink’s health benefits.
Growing demand from outside South Africa has created an industry worth around $23 billion.Growing demand from outside South Africa has created an industry worth around $23 billion.
Rooibos, an Afrikaans word that means "red bush," grows only in South Africa's Western Cape province.Rooibos, an Afrikaans word that means “red bush,” grows only in South Africa’s Western Cape province.
The industry, a major employer in the months of harvesting, is now trying to protect the rooibos name and its heritage.The industry, a major employer in the months of harvesting, is now trying to protect the rooibos name and its heritage.

Western Cape, South Africa (CNN) — In cafes across Cape Town, brewing the perfect cup of rooibos has become a fine art.

Measuring just the right amount of tea is key while great care is needed to not allow the leaves to swirl for too long. Once ready, the rooibos cups, gleaming in a sumptuous deep red color, bring with them a reedy scent that greets the noses of the customers waiting to enjoy a sip.

Grown only in South Africa’s Western Cape province, the naturally caffeine-free tea used to be a specialist drink appealing to only some taste buds.

But in recent years, its refreshing taste and inviting aroma, coupled with its health benefits, have turned rooibos into a popular choice for tea lovers across the world.

“Germany really was the start of the big export boom,” says Martin Berg, managing director of Rooibos Limited in South Africa, the largest rooibos tea processing factory. “Since then, Holland, UK, USA, Japan — all the first world countries, rooibos has grown in there, grown in popularity,” he adds.

Read more: S. Africa ostrich industry hit by major bird flu outbreak

The increasing popularity of rooibos, an Afrikaans word that means “red bush,” has created an industry worth around $23 billion. Some 15,000 tons of rooibos are harvested every year and at least half of that is then exported to the increasingly health-conscious consumer.

Willem Engelbrecht, whose family have been farming rooibos for four generations, believes that the natural herb’s popularity has increased because of the plant’s health benefits — documented in several studies — including its anti-oxidant properties.

“It’s also got a soothing effect, and that is what we need for our everyday high-speed lifestyles,” says Engelbrecht. “The Japanese did a lot of research early in the 1990s. Once that research became public and also South African research, people all over the world started to drink the product, not only for its very exceptional taste, but also for its wonderful health attributes.”

In Western Cape, the rooibos industry is a major employer during the summer months of harvesting. Under the hot South African sun, the workers, who are paid per kilogram, are constantly cutting down and piling up the tea to satisfy the increasing demand from abroad.

Read more: Is narcotic khat funding terrorism?

Once the bushes, which are actually green, are cut down into small pieces, they are laid out to dry. The intense sunlight in the Western Cape slowly then turns the rooibos into its rich dark red color .

After it has been processed and sterilized, the tea is ready for the consumer.

This trade has become so lucrative that the industry is now trying to protect the rooibos name and its heritage. Producers are lobbying for the tea to be given geographical indication status (see fact box) to protect this unique brand — a lengthy lawsuit with a U.S. company, which tried to use the rooibos name, went the way of the South Africans.

But farmers, like Engelbrecht, believe more should be done.

“There is not currently the legislation in South Africa to protect the word rooibos as a geographical indicator or G.I., similar to what exists in France, where the French government makes sure that champagne can only be used by the wine producers in the Champagne region of France,” he says.

“I think it is the responsibility of government to make sure that legislation come in place, because we need to protect our cultural assets,” adds Engelbrecht.

Read more: Rise of the ‘repats’: Africans shun crisis-hit West for jobs back home

But while the industry waits for government reforms, plans are already in place for further expansion into new markets, such as India and China.

As a result, laboratory tests are underway to develop new products to broaden the tea’s appeal and suit different palates across the world.

“We now have a vast array of different rooibos products, from the traditional unflavored tea to all the flavored tea, cappuccinos made from rooibos, cosmetics, rooibos used in cooking,” says Engelbrecht.

Back in Cape Town, customers are already enjoying some of these new products. There’s a whole new menu of fruit-flavored rooibos teas, rooibos cappuccinos and even espressos.

But despite this extensive range, the perfected traditional cups of rooibos remains the firm favorite.

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Lisa Marie Presley on turning her back on Hollywood, living with her father’s fame

After years of living away from the lights and cameras of Hollywood , Lisa Marie Presley is back with the new, emotionally raw album ?Storm and Grace? ? and she?s having to learn to trust all over again.

?I went through a huge transition in my life where everything and everyone I knew and trusted didn’t turn out to be that way. People that were in my life for a long time turned sinister and tried to control me and all kinds of weird stuff happened. But there was no conscience involved, that threw me more than anything,? she told FOX411?s Pop Tarts column. ? After that experience I had a really bad view of humans and I didn’t want to feel that way so I moved to the middle of nowhere, to the countryside in England ? I enjoy coming back to L.A now because I’m not living in it. I have tons of fun, because I know I can leave.?

Presley?s true home, she says, will always be that sprawling estate in Memphis, Tenn. ? otherwise known as Graceland. 

?It’s really comforting to go there, and familiar. I feel like I can exhale, it’s safe and it?s very grounding. It just feels like it is my home,? she continued. ?And my kids love it. The big ones love it because the food is incredible and the people are so sweet, they love eating dinner at Graceland. The little ones are all over it too; they say their favorite place is Memphis.?

The songstress shot her mystical, black and white album cover for ?Storm and Grace,? which hits stands this week, on her father?s famous property ? and even that was a walk on the wild side.

?We shot it in the forest next door to Graceland which I was never allowed into as a child, it was open public property and people would always be lurking around and looking over the fence and it was always dangerous,? Presley recalled. ?Now that it is part of the actual property it was fun for us to go out there and blow smoke and walk through the trees and be free in the forbidden forest.?

Speaking of her childhood, growing up Lisa Marie never really understood her father Elvis?s level of fame and unfathomable influence on the music industry.

?I don?t think I ever really processed what was happening, I just knew that he did that, that?s what my father did. I didn?t think of it as a business or how any of that would work,? she explained. ?I have loved music so much from when I was little and I don?t know whether it was because I saw my dad doing it and then I got the idea, I don?t know what came first? But I always had a hairbrush in the mirror singing. I was always with him backstage; I would go out and be pulled in for the last song.?

Presley released two pop-esque albums in 2003 and 2005, but she said the much darker ?Storm and Grace? epitomizes who she really is and what she really stands for. And laying herself bare is absolutely worth it, she adds.

?I was a little over-saturated and tapped out creatively after the last two records. I have always been a singer/songwriter and I was pushed in places I didn?t want to do, like pop or top forty. I don?t belong there. I don?t want to dress like a sex pot to try to get attention and sing on-stage, that is not who I am,? she added. ?I am proud of this record. It is raw and vulnerable. It is nerve-wracking, it is a bit like putting a target on your head and saying ?go ahead and shoot me,? but music is important in this world and I am willing to do whatever it takes.

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F1 teams snub share flotation idea

Martin Whitmarsh replaced Ron Dennis as McLaren team principal in March 2009.
Martin Whitmarsh replaced Ron Dennis as McLaren team principal in March 2009.

(CNN) — From the outside, Formula One looks like a sport brimming with money, with millions of dollars spent on cars, sponsorship and the rights to host races.

But in reality many of the 12 teams on the grid are struggling to survive, and F1 supremo Bernie Ecclestone is reportedly considering a flotation on the stock exchange in an attempt to raise much-needed funds.

The possibility of such a measure, however, has not been backed by some of the elite motorsport’s most influential players — including bosses of the McLaren and Ferrari teams.

“The fact is at the moment, we all know in this room that there’s a lot of Formula One teams that are struggling to survive,” McLaren team principal Martin Whitmarsh told a press conference after Friday’s practice sessions for the Malaysian Grand Prix. “Which tells us we’re not doing enough, and that’s why we’ve got to keep pushing it.”

How victory cost Force India $1.3 million

Australian Grand Prix: March 18, Melbourne<br/><br/>2012 champion: Jenson Button, McLarenAustralian Grand Prix: March 18, Melbourne

2012 champion: Jenson Button, McLaren

Malaysian Grand Prix: March 25, Kuala Lumpur <br/><br/>2012 champion: Fernando Alonso, FerrariMalaysian Grand Prix: March 25, Kuala Lumpur

2012 champion: Fernando Alonso, Ferrari

Chinese Grand Prix: April 15, Shanghai <br/><br/>Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLarenChinese Grand Prix: April 15, Shanghai

Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLaren

Bahrain Grand Prix: April 22, Sakhir <br/><br/>2012 champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullBahrain Grand Prix: April 22, Sakhir

2012 champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Spanish Grand Prix: May 13, Catalunya <br/><br/>2012 champion: Pastor Maldonado, WilliamsSpanish Grand Prix: May 13, Catalunya

2012 champion: Pastor Maldonado, Williams

Monaco Grand Prix: May 27, Monte Carlo <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullMonaco Grand Prix: May 27, Monte Carlo

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Canadian Grand Prix: June 10, Montreal <br/><br/>Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLarenCanadian Grand Prix: June 10, Montreal

Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLaren

European Grand Prix: June 24, Valencia <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullEuropean Grand Prix: June 24, Valencia

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

British Grand Prix: July 8, Silverstone <br/><br/>Defending champion: Fernando Alonso, FerrariBritish Grand Prix: July 8, Silverstone

Defending champion: Fernando Alonso, Ferrari

German Grand Prix: July 22, Hockenheim <br/><br/>Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLarenGerman Grand Prix: July 22, Hockenheim

Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLaren

Hungarian Grand Prix: July 29, Budapest <br/><br/>Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLarenHungarian Grand Prix: July 29, Budapest

Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLaren

Belgian Grand Prix: September 2, Spa <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullBelgian Grand Prix: September 2, Spa

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Italian Grand Prix: September 9, Monza <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullItalian Grand Prix: September 9, Monza

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Singapore Grand Prix: September 23, Singapore <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullSingapore Grand Prix: September 23, Singapore

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Japanese Grand Prix: October 7, Suzuka <br/><br/>Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLarenJapanese Grand Prix: October 7, Suzuka

Defending champion: Jenson Button, McLaren

Korean Grand Prix: October 14, Yeongam <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullKorean Grand Prix: October 14, Yeongam

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Indian Grand Prix: October 28, New Delhi <br/><br/>Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red BullIndian Grand Prix: October 28, New Delhi

Defending champion: Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull

Abu Dhabi Grand Prix: November 4, Yas Marina <br/><br/>Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLaren<br/><br/>Abu Dhabi Grand Prix: November 4, Yas Marina

Defending champion: Lewis Hamilton, McLaren

United States Grand Prix: November 18, Austin <br/><br/>Defending champion: NAUnited States Grand Prix: November 18, Austin

Defending champion: NA

Brazilian Grand Prix: Sao Paulo, November 25 <br/><br/>Defending champion: Mark Webber, Red BullBrazilian Grand Prix: Sao Paulo, November 25

Defending champion: Mark Webber, Red Bull

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Formula One 2012: The circuitsFormula One 2012: The circuits

The 2012 Formula One season sees the introduction of a four-hour limit for races, following last year's rain-delayed marathon in Canada. Charlie Whiting, the FIA's race director, explained the decision, telling the sport's official website: "Should four hours elapse during a future race, drivers will receive a signal telling them they have one more lap before the checkered flag."The 2012 Formula One season sees the introduction of a four-hour limit for races, following last year’s rain-delayed marathon in Canada. Charlie Whiting, the FIA’s race director, explained the decision, telling the sport’s official website: “Should four hours elapse during a future race, drivers will receive a signal telling them they have one more lap before the checkered flag.”

Teams can no longer use engine exhaust to produce large amounts of downforce -- a practice which has been prevalent for the last two years in the form of blown diffusers. Now exhaust pipes must exit in a defined area at the back of the car, not run along its underbelly. Teams can no longer use engine exhaust to produce large amounts of downforce — a practice which has been prevalent for the last two years in the form of blown diffusers. Now exhaust pipes must exit in a defined area at the back of the car, not run along its underbelly.

Many of this year's cars feature a dramatic stepped-nose design. Whiting said this is to make sure the height of the nose was lower than the sides of the cockpit, therefore reducing the risk to the driver in the event of a collision.Many of this year’s cars feature a dramatic stepped-nose design. Whiting said this is to make sure the height of the nose was lower than the sides of the cockpit, therefore reducing the risk to the driver in the event of a collision.

In previous seasons, cars had to pass crash tests in order to compete in races. Now, cars must pass the FIA's 18 mandatory tests before the official preseason test events. "It is indefensible to have drivers testing cars in the winter that haven't met the safety standards we demand for a race," said Whiting.In previous seasons, cars had to pass crash tests in order to compete in races. Now, cars must pass the FIA’s 18 mandatory tests before the official preseason test events. “It is indefensible to have drivers testing cars in the winter that haven’t met the safety standards we demand for a race,” said Whiting.

As bizarre as it may sound, drivers have been told not to drive off the race track without good reason. "We've seen drivers taking shortcuts on in and out laps, either to save time or fuel," explained Whiting.As bizarre as it may sound, drivers have been told not to drive off the race track without good reason. “We’ve seen drivers taking shortcuts on in and out laps, either to save time or fuel,” explained Whiting.

Pit stops are a crucial part of F1, and a race can be won or lost depending on how quickly the crew are able to replace a car's tires. In an attempt to save valuable time, teams have been known to power their wheel guns with compressed helium instead of air. But not anymore. "It saved fractions of a second," Whiting said. "It would have been a very expensive method of gaining no advantage."Pit stops are a crucial part of F1, and a race can be won or lost depending on how quickly the crew are able to replace a car’s tires. In an attempt to save valuable time, teams have been known to power their wheel guns with compressed helium instead of air. But not anymore. “It saved fractions of a second,” Whiting said. “It would have been a very expensive method of gaining no advantage.”

The gulf in class between some cars means that the leading drivers often lap back-markers during a race. The safety car is deployed if there has been an accident on track or if conditions become dangerous. Drivers are not allowed to overtake each other under such conditions, but in 2012 strugglers will be able to un-lap themselves by going past the safety car and reforming at the back of the field.The gulf in class between some cars means that the leading drivers often lap back-markers during a race. The safety car is deployed if there has been an accident on track or if conditions become dangerous. Drivers are not allowed to overtake each other under such conditions, but in 2012 strugglers will be able to un-lap themselves by going past the safety car and reforming at the back of the field.

Each driver is allowed 11 sets of tires to use over the course of a race weekend, but they must last through practice, Saturday qualifying and Sunday's race. Previously teams could only use three of their sets during Friday practice, but they will now be able to use as many as they like.Each driver is allowed 11 sets of tires to use over the course of a race weekend, but they must last through practice, Saturday qualifying and Sunday’s race. Previously teams could only use three of their sets during Friday practice, but they will now be able to use as many as they like.

The highlight of any grand prix is seeing drivers attempt daring, fast-paced overtaking maneuvers. But now, when a driver has someone behind them, they are allowed to make only one defensive move to protect their position. This rule is to prevent potentially dangerous blocking strategies.The highlight of any grand prix is seeing drivers attempt daring, fast-paced overtaking maneuvers. But now, when a driver has someone behind them, they are allowed to make only one defensive move to protect their position. This rule is to prevent potentially dangerous blocking strategies.

Formula One rule changes for 2012Formula One rule changes for 2012

British team Williams became the first F1 team to float on the stock exchange in March 2011, but Whitmarsh’s Ferrari counterpart Stefano Domenicali also voiced his concern at the possibility of F1 taking a similar step.

“Thank God that our (Ferrari’s) situation is very good in terms of our financial position for the future,” he said. “But we know that the situation of Formula One is not so stable.

“We know that there’s a lot of struggle around, so we need to put aside our self-interest a little bit to make sure that we can look ahead. Because this is a very critical period where … we know that it’s very tough.”

But not all teams agree that spending should be regulated by the sport’s global governing body, the FIA.

Austrian-owned Red Bull have dominated F1 for the last two years, claiming back-to-back drivers’ and constructors’ championships.

Red Bull’s team principal Christian Horner welcomed the possibility of further talks on the issue, but hoped a different solution could be found.

“Hopefully with some productive discussion going forward a solution can be found to make Formula One cost-controlled for the top teams, but also make it affordable for the teams in the middle of the grid and at the back of the grid,” he said.

There’s a lot of Formula One teams that are struggling to survive
Martin Whitmarsh

“The cost of being competitive in Formula One at present is too high. I don’t think anyone will dispute that. The debate is how we achieve it.”

It was a good day on track for McLaren, as 2008 world champion Lewis Hamilton set the fastest time in both practice sessions ahead of Sunday’s race in Malaysia.

The British driver was on pole position for last weekend’s season-opening Australian Grand Prix and he once again showed his pace, edging out Mercedes’ seven-time world champion Michael Schumacher in the afternoon run.

“It’s been a good day for me,” said Hamilton, who finished third in Melbourne last Sunday.

“We’ve made a few changes to the balance of the car since the last race and I’m much happier — but we’ll still be making changes to improve our long-run pace, which can always be better.”

Hamilton’s teammate Jenson Button was victorious in Australia and he was quick again, registering the third-fastest time at the Sepang International Circuit.

Schumacher’s fellow German and Mercedes teammate Nico Rosberg was fourth, ahead of Toro Rosso’s Australian driver Daniel Ricciardo.

Double title winner Sebastian Vettel of Red Bull, who has taken the checkered flag at the last two races in Malaysia, was down in 10th after placing second in the opening session.

His teammate Mark Webber was seventh, one place behind Ferrari’s two-time Sepang champion Fernando Alonso.

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Rock the Bells lineup

 Wiz Khalifa is one of the many performers who will be part of the hip-hop festival Rock the Bells.
Wiz Khalifa is one of the many performers who will be part of the hip-hop festival Rock the Bells.

(Rolling Stone) — Traveling hip-hop festival Rock the Bells has announced its lineup.

Performers include RZA (who will also curate the festival’s 36 Chambers Stage), Bone Thugs-n-Harmony, Wiz Khalifa, Ice Cube, Mac Miller, J. Cole, Kid Cudi, 2 Chainz, A$AP Rocky, Atmosphere, Missy Elliott and Timbaland, Redman and Method Man, Nas, Yelawolf, Kendrick Lamar, Dipset, Salt-N-Pepa, Tyga and more.

Bone Thugs will perform their 1995 album “E. 1999 Eternal” in full, while Redman and Method Man will perform their 1999 album “Blackout!” in its entirety.

Presale will start this Friday, May 18, at 10 a.m. PT. General sale will follow the next day, May 19, at 10 a.m. PT.

Rock the Bells will hit San Bernardino, California on August 19 and 20 and Mountain View, California on August 25 and 26, before wrapping up September 1 and 2 in Holmdel, New Jersey. For exact lineups for each city and more details, visit Rock the Bells’ official website.

See the full story at RollingStone.com.

Copyright © 2011 Rolling Stone.

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Advocate: Story of rare bacterial infection raising awareness

  • “Oh, how tragic, another case!” says co-founder of the National Necrotizing Fasciitis Foundation
  • “I get e-mails about these cases every single day,” says Jacqueline Roemmele
  • Roemmele says she hopes the coverage will result in faster diagnoses, saving limbs and lives
  • A Texas man says that unlike his bout with infection, the Copeland case is getting attention

(CNN) — A co-founder of the National Necrotizing Fasciitis Foundation said Thursday that she felt sorry for the young woman diagnosed with rare “flesh-eating” bacterial infection when she heard about her this week in media reports.

“First thing I thought when I saw the news was, ‘Oh, how tragic, another case!’ ” said Jacqueline Roemmele in a telephone interview about the first report of Aimee Copeland, a 24-year-old graduate student at West Georgia University who had lost a leg and was expected to lose her fingers to the infection.

Though there is uncertainty about just how common such infections are since no clearinghouse compiles statistics on their incidence, Dr. William Schaffner, chairman of the Department of Preventive Medicine at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, estimates there are fewer than 250 cases every year in the United States. The reporting of such cases is not required by law.

“I get e-mails about these cases every single day,” said Roemmele, who noted that news coverage of such cases is far rarer than the infections themselves are. “If you look at our foundation and our Facebook page, there’s discussion constantly among thousands of people, but it just isn’t sexy for the media.”

Still, this week’s TV and print pieces about Copeland did not surprise Roemmele. “It was a cute girl that everyone can relate to,” she said.

In addition, Copeland’s relatives have made themselves available to reporters and her classmates have been vocal in their support.

“Every three or four years or so it happens, where a case will take off in the media,” said Roemmele, who is based in northern New Jersey.

But Roemmele said she was grateful for the coverage, whatever the motivation. Not only has her foundation received a “substantial” increase in donations since the cases went public, but the stories may have some educational value.

If people seek quicker treatment next time they get a cut that results in an rapidly spreading infection, causes pain disproportionate to the size of the cut and is associated with flulike symptoms, then the goals of her group will be furthered, she said.

Group A streptoccal bacteria, the same bacteria that cause strep throat, are the main culprits, though — as occurred in Copeland’s case — other bacteria can also result in the disease, known to doctors as necrotizing fasciitis, she said.

“You’re fine when you go to bed at night, but you wake up in the morning with your leg twice the size and turning black and you have a 105 or above fever,” she said. “I’ve known many, many cases where people have died within 24 hours.”

Roemmele herself survived the infection.

“Eighteen years ago, I had a surgery on my abdomen after a C-section for my twins,” she said. “By the time they finally found out what was wrong with me, my flesh was falling off in the nurse’s hands.”

After recovering, she and a fellow survivor founded the website. In the 12 years since, tens of thousands of people have told their stories on the site about the disease, she said.

“I’m happy to see that it’s again getting some attention,” she said. “The biggest problem we have is missed diagnosis. That’s huge. So, if somebody goes into the ER, invariably they’re turned away. By the time they go back, they’ve reached the advanced stages of the disease and they’re either losing limbs or losing their lives.”

That’s comes close to describing what happened to Dan Coogan.

In 1995, the 41-year-old triathlete was gardening in his yard outside Dallas. As he set about transplanting a tree, he lifted its 2-inch trunk, which was attached to a 2-foot-wide root ball. “One of the roots poked me in my calf, and I didn’t even know it,” he said. “Within an hour, I felt like I had a Charlie horse. By the end of the day, I was vomiting all the time. I felt like I had the flu. I had a fever. I went to bed sicker than a dog.”

A few hours later, at 4 a.m., his house was struck by lightning and caught fire. As firefighters arrived and extinguished it, “I could barely walk around because of the pain in my leg,” he said.

He went back to bed, in worsening pain. “I just started popping a lot more painkillers.”

At 10 a.m., with his cut growing fiery, he went to a small regional hospital in nearby Lewisville. “They checked me in and didn’t do anything for two days” except administer antibiotics, he said.

By then, “this thing had taken over the backside of my leg and was more than halfway up my thigh.”

His luck turned when a friend, who happened to be a surgeon, recognized that something was awry and arranged for his transfer to another hospital, where doctors immediately recognized the symptoms. “Within an hour of checking into that hospital, I was in surgery,” he said.

Each night for nearly two weeks, he underwent operations that included removal of the infected tissue and dead flesh.

“They told me every night for nine nights that they were going to take my leg off,” he said. But one of the doctors put it off, saying “I’m going to take a chance here,” he recalled.

“She was right, thank goodness. I made it through all the surgeries and debridement (tissue removal) and living on morphine for 2½ weeks … I was able to survive the whole thing and I walked out of the hospital.”

But his case, like most of the others he had learned about, generated no interest from the news media.

“The people who get it aren’t 24 and grad students,” he said, referring to Copeland. “And she’s got a community of other students … The press has kinda glamorized this one.”

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What will commercial spaceflight cost?

NASA has given SpaceX $381 million to develop a private rocket to replace the space shuttle — and that?s just the tip of the money iceberg.

The space agency spent $50 million in 2009 to help foster a commercial space industry in America, essentially a down payment on the country?s post shuttle future, and it handed out another $270 million in April of 2011. NASA plans multiple future grants ranging up to half a billion in the next year and a half — an investment that will result in the creation of the U.S. space industry and will save NASA hundreds of millions on future space flights.

But is the estimated $4.9 billion the program will cost worth it?

A May 10 report by the House Appropriations Committee cited a litany of concerns with the Commercial Crew Program, concluding that the that the overall $4.9 billion in estimated development costs with which the government is seeding private space firms is simply too much money.

‘The next American-flagged vehicle to carry our astronauts into space is going to be a U.S. commercial provider.’

- Ed Mango, NASA’s Commercial Crew Program manager

As the House report noted, ?there is a risk of repeating the government?s experience from last year?s bankruptcy of the solar energy firm Solyndra, in which the failure of a high risk, government subsidized development venture left taxpayers with no tangible benefit.?

On the other hand, if the company succeeds, the government won?t own a piece of the resulting business, as it did after the bailout of Chrysler or GM. The money is essentially a payment to do a job — in this case, build rockets and spaceships capable of taking crew and cargo off-planet.

?The government needs technology, and they are paying companies to develop that tech,? explained Kirstin Brost Grantham, a spokeswoman for SpaceX.

The main payoff for Americans: dramatic savings on future trips into space.

NASA currently pays Russia more than $60 million per seat to send astronauts into space. Companies like SpaceX offer a far cheaper (and home-grown) alternative.

“The next American-flagged vehicle to carry our astronauts into space is going to be a U.S. commercial provider,” said Ed Mango, NASA’s Commercial Crew Program manager. “The partnerships NASA is forming with industry will support the development of multiple American systems capable of providing future access to low-Earth orbit.”

Following the 2009 investments, NASA poured money in earnest into the program. Much of it was pledged in round 2 of the Commercial Crew Development (CCDEV2) program, announced in April 2011:

SpaceX of Hawthorne, Calif., has alone received $381 million to date, though it could receive an addition $15 million for meeting key milestones in the race to build a replacement spacecraft.  In round 2, the company received $75 million for a variety of programs, including the Dragon capsule that could someday carry men into space and the Falcon rockets that can carry cargo or the capsule.

Blue Origin, of Kent, Wash., received $22 million in 2011 for its work on spaceflight vehicle design. The secretive company, backed by Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos only recently revealed details of its plans to build a conical spaceship to transport cargo and crew.

 Sierra Nevada Corp. of Louisville, Col., received $80 million towards the Dream Chaser — which looks like a miniature space shuttle. It’s a design is based on a NASA concept vehicle first drawn up in the early 1980s.

And Boeing of Houston, Tex. — whose team includes space hotel builder Bigelow Aerospace — received $92.3 million for a variety of items. Bigelow plans a space tourism industry around its modular orbiting hotels; Boeing has a lengthy history building rockets.

Other companies received funding in the 2009 round of financing.

Paragon Space Development Corp. of Tucson, Ariz., was awarded up to $1.4 million to develop an environmental control and life support unit.

And United Launch Alliance of Centennial, Col., was awarded up to $6.7 million to develop a monitoring system for its Atlas V and Delta IV rockets, to provide the earliest warning of impending catastrophic rocket failures.

The next round of funding includes hundreds of millions under the Commercial Crew Integrated Capability program, in which NASA anticipates multiple companies receiving funding ranging from $300 million to as much as half a billion.

Congress recommended $1.2 billion towards the program in fiscal year 2012 and $1 billion in fiscal year 2013.

SpaceX has won support from NASA and a wide variety of commercial customers because we are providing the best proposals, because we have a demonstrated track record of success,? Grantham told FoxNews.com.

 ?I think our success speaks for itself.”

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Europe’s winners and losers

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Real Madrid captain Iker Casillas lifts the Spanish Primera Division trophy after Jose Mourinho's team defeated Mallorca 4-1 on Sunday. The 32-time Spanish champions finished the season with 100 points, a record amount.Real Madrid captain Iker Casillas lifts the Spanish Primera Division trophy after Jose Mourinho’s team defeated Mallorca 4-1 on Sunday. The 32-time Spanish champions finished the season with 100 points, a record amount.
Villarreal midfielder Marcos Senna cut a forlorn figure after a 1-0 defeat to Atletico Madrid condemned the 2006 European Champions League semifinalists to relegation from the Spanish top flight.Villarreal midfielder Marcos Senna cut a forlorn figure after a 1-0 defeat to Atletico Madrid condemned the 2006 European Champions League semifinalists to relegation from the Spanish top flight.
Manchester City beat archrivals and neighbors Manchester United to the English Premier League title on goal difference, after two goals in stoppage gave Roberto Mancini's side a 3-2 victory against Queens Park Rangers.Manchester City beat archrivals and neighbors Manchester United to the English Premier League title on goal difference, after two goals in stoppage gave Roberto Mancini’s side a 3-2 victory against Queens Park Rangers.
Defeat in Manchester would have sent QPR down, if Bolton Wanderers had beaten Stoke City. But Owen Coyle's team could only draw 2-2 at the Britannia Stadium, a result which ended Bolton's 11-year stay in the Premier League.Defeat in Manchester would have sent QPR down, if Bolton Wanderers had beaten Stoke City. But Owen Coyle’s team could only draw 2-2 at the Britannia Stadium, a result which ended Bolton’s 11-year stay in the Premier League.
Veteran striker Alessandro del Piero celebrated his final game for Juventus in style, scoring as the Italian champions beat Atalanta 3-1. Juventus were undefeated throughout the 38-game league season.Veteran striker Alessandro del Piero celebrated his final game for Juventus in style, scoring as the Italian champions beat Atalanta 3-1. Juventus were undefeated throughout the 38-game league season.
Filippo Inzaghi marked his final game for AC Milan in similar style to Del Piero, netting the winner in a 2-1 defeat of Novara. Milan finished second, four points behind Juve.Filippo Inzaghi marked his final game for AC Milan in similar style to Del Piero, netting the winner in a 2-1 defeat of Novara. Milan finished second, four points behind Juve.
Borussia Dortmund were crowned champions of Germany for a second year in a row, with Jurgen Klopp's side finishing eight points ahead of Champions League finalists Bayern Munich.Borussia Dortmund were crowned champions of Germany for a second year in a row, with Jurgen Klopp’s side finishing eight points ahead of Champions League finalists Bayern Munich.
At the bottom of the Bundesliga, Hertha Berlin were relegated after losing a two-legged playoff against Fortuna Dusseldorf 4-3 on aggregate. The result means Fortuna, who finished third in Bundesliga 2, will return to the top flight next season for the first time in 15 years.

At the bottom of the Bundesliga, Hertha Berlin were relegated after losing a two-legged playoff against Fortuna Dusseldorf 4-3 on aggregate. The result means Fortuna, who finished third in Bundesliga 2, will return to the top flight next season for the first time in 15 years.

(CNN) — Sunday saw the curtain fall on Europe’s biggest domestic football leagues, with scenes of triumph and despair across the continent as teams battled for glory or survival.

After a weekend which saw records broken and nerves shredded, CNN rounds up the final sets of fixtures in Spain, England, Italy and Germany and details the winners and the losers.

For many of Europe’s leading players, the focus will now switch from club to country at Euro 2012 in Ukraine and Poland next month.

Spain

Real Madrid had already secured a 32nd Spanish title ahead of Sunday’s final round of fixtures, but Jose Mourinho’s team thrashed Real Mallorca 4-1 to finish the season on 100 points, a La Liga record.

The victory meant Real finished nine points ahead of archrivals Barcelona in second, who said farewell to departing coach Pep Guardiola with a 2-2 draw at Real Betis Saturday.

Valencia finished third in the table for the third season in a row, while big-spending Malaga, owned by Qatari Abdullah bin Nasser bin Abdullah Al Ahmed Al Thani, clinched the fourth and final European Champions League qualifying spot.

Dutch striker Ruud van Nistelrooy announced his retirement following Malaga’s 1-0 over Sporting Gijon, after a career which has seen the prolific former Netherlands striker star at Manchester United and Real Madrid.

There was a shock at the bottom of the table, as 2006 Champions League semifinalists Villarreal slipped out of the top division for the first time in 12 years after losing 1-0 to Europa League winners Atletico Madrid.

Villarreal, who finished fourth last season, will be joined in the second tier by Sporting Gijon and Racing Santander, who placed 19th and 20th respectively.

Top goalscorer: Lionel Messi, Barcelona – 50

England

Manchester City scored two goals in stoppage time to beat Queens Park Rangers 3-2 and pip neighbors Manchester United to the English Premier League title on goal difference.

United looked to have done enough to clinch a 20th title after Wayne Rooney’s header gave them a 1-0 win at Sunderland.

Did City win the title – or did United lose it?

But in a dramatic finale Edin Dzeko and Sergio Aguero scored in the 92nd and 94th minutes to hand Roberto Mancini’s City a first championship in 44 years.

QPR were battling against relegation, but their top-flight status was secured after Bolton Wanderers could only draw 2-2 with Stoke City.

Bolton needed to win to remain in the division, but the draw meant they were demoted alongside Blackburn Rovers and Wolverhampton Wanderers.

Behind City and United, Arsenal beat West Bromwich Albion 3-2 to secure the third and final automatic qualification berth for next season’s Champions League.

Tottenham Hotspur finished fourth and Harry Redknapp’s team will play in Europe’s elite club competition next season if Chelsea, who placed sixth, lose to Bayern Munich in Saturday’s Champions League final.

Top goalscorer: Robin van Persie, Arsenal – 30

Italy

Champions Juventus finished with a 3-1 victory over Atalanta, a win which meant the Turin club were undefeated throughout the entire 38-game Serie A season.

The match was marked by a goal from the club’s all-time leading goalscorer Alessandro del Piero, the 37-year-old striker who is leaving Juventus at the end of the season after 19 years with the Bianconeri.

Filippo Inzaghi was another Italian legend to sign off with a goal, as the 38-year-old found the net on his final appearance for second-placed AC Milan in a 2-1 win against relegated Novara.

Udinese’s fourth straight victory, a 2-0 triumph at Catania, was enough for them to finish third and claim the last Champions League spot.

Lecce needed a win to have any hope of staying in the top flight, but a 1-0 loss to Chievo condemned them to Serie B football next season, alongside 19th-placed Novara and bottom club Cesena.

Top goalscorer: Zlatan Ibrahimovic, AC Milan – 28

Germany

Borussia Dortmund went into the final weekend of German domestic action having already sealed a second consecutive Bundesliga crown, and completed the double Saturday by winning the German Cup with a 5-2 victory over arch-rivals Bayern Munich.

Jurgen Klopp’s team finished eight points ahead of Bayern, who will face Chelsea at their own Allianz Arena home in the Champions League final.

Schalke will join Dortmund and Bayern in next season’s Champions League after cementing third place, while Borussia Monchengladbach will enter the qualifying rounds of the competition after finishing fourth.

Four-time German champions Kaiserlautern endured a miserable campaign, finishing bottom. Cologne will join them in Bundesliga 2 next season after finishing 17th.

Hertha Berlin were the third and final team to be relegated. The club from the German capital were beaten 4-3 on aggregate by Fortuna Dusseldorf, who finished third in Bundesliga 2, in a two-legged playoff.

It means Fortuna will return to the top division next season for the first time in 15 years.

Top goalscorer: Klaas Jan Huntelaar, Schalke – 29

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Money men: Soccer’s richest stars

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France Football magazine has released a list of the highest-earning players in world soccer. Three-time World Player of the Year Lionel Messi of Barcelona tops the list, earning $52 million in wages and sponsorship deals.France Football magazine has released a list of the highest-earning players in world soccer. Three-time World Player of the Year Lionel Messi of Barcelona tops the list, earning $52 million in wages and sponsorship deals.
Former England captain David Beckham is second on the list. The 36-year-old recently signed a new contract with Major League Soccer franchise Los Angeles, which he joined in 2007, and he unveiled a clothing line with Swedish store H &amp; M in February.

Former England captain David Beckham is second on the list. The 36-year-old recently signed a new contract with Major League Soccer franchise Los Angeles, which he joined in 2007, and he unveiled a clothing line with Swedish store H & M in February.

Real Madrid's Cristiano Ronaldo became the world's most expensive player when he joined the Spanish giants from Manchester United in 2009 for a reported $130 million.The Portugal forward's silky skills and prolific goalscoring also help him to attract sponsorship deals, such as the one he has with his boot manufacturer Nike.

Real Madrid’s Cristiano Ronaldo became the world’s most expensive player when he joined the Spanish giants from Manchester United in 2009 for a reported $130 million.The Portugal forward’s silky skills and prolific goalscoring also help him to attract sponsorship deals, such as the one he has with his boot manufacturer Nike.

Cameroon's Samuel Eto'o profited from joining big-spending Russian outfit Anzhi Machachkala from Inter Milan in August 2011.Cameroon’s Samuel Eto’o profited from joining big-spending Russian outfit Anzhi Machachkala from Inter Milan in August 2011.
England star Wayne Rooney penned a lucrative five-year contract with Manchester United in October 2010, after initially declaring that he wanted to leave the Old Trafford club.England star Wayne Rooney penned a lucrative five-year contract with Manchester United in October 2010, after initially declaring that he wanted to leave the Old Trafford club.
Argentina striker Serguio Aguero is one of two Manchester City players in the top 10 after joining the Abu Dhabi-owned English Premier League club from Atletico Madrid for a reported $62 million in July 2011.Argentina striker Serguio Aguero is one of two Manchester City players in the top 10 after joining the Abu Dhabi-owned English Premier League club from Atletico Madrid for a reported $62 million in July 2011.
Aguero is joined on the list by City teammate Yaya Toure, the Ivory Coast midfielder who signed for the club from Barcelona in 2010. Toure signed a sponsorship deal with German brand Puma in October 2011.Aguero is joined on the list by City teammate Yaya Toure, the Ivory Coast midfielder who signed for the club from Barcelona in 2010. Toure signed a sponsorship deal with German brand Puma in October 2011.
Spain striker Fernando Torres joined Chelsea from EPL rivals Liverpool in a British-record transfer reported to be worth $80 million in January 2011. Despite his lucrative move, Torres has struggled to find the net during his spell in west London.Spain striker Fernando Torres joined Chelsea from EPL rivals Liverpool in a British-record transfer reported to be worth $80 million in January 2011. Despite his lucrative move, Torres has struggled to find the net during his spell in west London.
Brazil playmaker Kaka was briefly the world's most expensive player when he signed for Real Madrid from AC Milan in 2009. The reported$100 million fee Real paid for his services was beaten later in the same transfer window, when the Spanish club signed Ronaldo.Brazil playmaker Kaka was briefly the world’s most expensive player when he signed for Real Madrid from AC Milan in 2009. The reported$100 million fee Real paid for his services was beaten later in the same transfer window, when the Spanish club signed Ronaldo.
Bayern Munich captain Philipp Lahm completes the top 10. The Germany skipper attracted controversy last year for releasing a book in which he criticized the training techniques of former Bayern coaches Jurgen Klinsmann and Felix Magath.Bayern Munich captain Philipp Lahm completes the top 10. The Germany skipper attracted controversy last year for releasing a book in which he criticized the training techniques of former Bayern coaches Jurgen Klinsmann and Felix Magath.

(CNN) — Lionel Messi is widely regarded as the world’s best footballer — and now it seems the Argentina star is also unrivaled among his peers off the field.

David Beckham has long been the sport’s biggest earner even in his declining years, due to his lucrative endorsement deals, but the former Manchester United and Real Madrid superstar has been eclipsed by Barcelona’s magician.

The three-time World Player of the Year was unveiled by France Football magazine as the highest-earning player in soccer on Tuesday, collecting ?33 million ($52 million) in wages and endorsements during 2011.

The 24-year-old, who has scored 51 goals for the Catalan giants in all competitions, headed a list which placed Los Angeles Galaxy’s former England captain Beckham in second on $50 million.

Beckham recently signed a new contract with the Galaxy, and unveiled a clothing line with Swedish retailer H & M earlier this year.

Javier Pastore is the most expensive player in French football history after he cost Paris Saint-Germain a fee believed to be $56 million. But Pastore is not the first footballer to have swapped clubs for a hefty price tag.Javier Pastore is the most expensive player in French football history after he cost Paris Saint-Germain a fee believed to be $56 million. But Pastore is not the first footballer to have swapped clubs for a hefty price tag.

Fernando Torres swapped Chelsea for Liverpool on the final day of the January 2011 transfer window. After moving for a British-record transfer fee, believed to be in the region of $80 million, Torres has scored just five goals in a little over 12 months with the club.Fernando Torres swapped Chelsea for Liverpool on the final day of the January 2011 transfer window. After moving for a British-record transfer fee, believed to be in the region of $80 million, Torres has scored just five goals in a little over 12 months with the club.

In 2001, Real Madrid broke the world transfer record to bring FIFA World Player of the Year Zinedine Zidane to Spain from Italian club Juventus. The fee for the French World Cup winner was reported to be €86.5 million ($115 million).In 2001, Real Madrid broke the world transfer record to bring FIFA World Player of the Year Zinedine Zidane to Spain from Italian club Juventus. The fee for the French World Cup winner was reported to be ?86.5 million ($115 million).

Real broke world transfer record again in June 2009, paying a reported $100 million to lure Brazil's Kaka away from Italian club AC Milan.Real broke world transfer record again in June 2009, paying a reported $100 million to lure Brazil’s Kaka away from Italian club AC Milan.

Zlatan Ibrahimovic moved to Real's archrivals Barcelona during the same transfer window. Barca paid Inter Milan a reported $65 million for the Sweden striker, but he lasted only one season before returning to Italy with AC Milan.Zlatan Ibrahimovic moved to Real’s archrivals Barcelona during the same transfer window. Barca paid Inter Milan a reported $65 million for the Sweden striker, but he lasted only one season before returning to Italy with AC Milan.

Kaka's time as the world's most expensive player was short, with Real smashing the transfer record once again to sign Cristiano Ronaldo from Manchester United for a reported $130 million.Kaka’s time as the world’s most expensive player was short, with Real smashing the transfer record once again to sign Cristiano Ronaldo from Manchester United for a reported $130 million.

Football’s most expensive players
Fernando Torres: Liverpool to Chelsea
Zinedine Zidane: Juventus to Real Madrid
Kaka: AC Milan to Real Madrid
Zlatan Ibrahimovic: Inter Milan to Barcelona
Cristiano Ronaldo: Manchester United to Real Madrid

Football's biggest transfersFootball’s biggest transfers

Messi’s on-field rival Cristiano Ronaldo also featured highly. The Portugal forward’s total earnings of $46 million in 2011 put him third ahead of Samuel Eto’o of Cameroon.

Eto’o secured a lucrative move from Inter Milan to big-spending Russian team Anzhi Makhachkala in August 2011 and he has reportedly banked $37 million.

Manchester United and England striker Wayne Rooney was fifth on the list with $32.6 million, while the Manchester City duo of Argentina’s Sergio Aguero and Yaya Toure of the Ivory Coast took home $29.7 million and $27.8 million respectively.

Completing the top 10 were Chelsea striker Fernando Torres ($26.4 million), Real playmaker Kaka ($24.5 million) and Bayern Munich’s Germany captain Philipp Lahm ($22.6 million).

France Football is one of Europe’s leading sports magazines, and it formerly organized the Ballon d’Or awards for the continent’s top achievers.

The Ballon d’Or has now merged with ruling body FIFA’s world player of the year awards.

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Does sugar make you stupid?

A study on rats suggests that eating a high fructose diet for as little as six weeks may make you stupid. Luckily, a diet high in omega-3 fatty acids can counteract this IQ loss, researchers suggest.

“Our findings illustrate that what you eat affects how you think,” study researcher Fernando Gomez-Pinilla, of the University of California, Los Angeles, said in a statement. “Eating a high-fructose diet over the long term alters your brain’s ability to learn and remember information. But adding omega-3 fatty acids to your meals can help minimize the damage.”

The study was published in the May 15 issue of the Journal of Physiology. The research was done on rats, but the researchers believe their brain chemistry is similar enough to humans to extend the findings.

Sugar v. syrup

The researchers zeroed in on high-fructose corn syrup, an inexpensive liquid six times sweeter than cane sugar, that is commonly added to processed foods, including soft drinks, condiments, applesauce and baby food.

The average American consumes more than 40 pounds of high-fructose corn syrup per year, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Some scientists even think sugar should be taxed the way alcohol and tobacco products are.

“We’re not talking about naturally occurring fructose in fruits, which also contain important antioxidants,” Gomez-Pinilla said. “We’re concerned about high-fructose corn syrup that is added to manufactured food products as a sweetener and preservative.”

Maze & Memory

Before starting the experimental diet the rats were taught to navigate their way through a maze using visual landmarks to remember the way.

The researchers then separated the rats into two groups, both consumed a fructose solution as their water, but one half of the rats also received omega-3 fatty acids, which are thought to protect against damage to the synapses ? the chemical connections between brain cells that enable memory and learning. After six weeks of their new diet, the researchers tested the rats’ recall of the maze route.

“The second group of rats navigated the maze much faster than the rats that did not receive omega-3 fatty acids,” Gomez-Pinilla said. “Their brains showed a decline in synaptic activity. Their brain cells had trouble signaling each other, disrupting the rats’ ability to think clearly and recall the route they’d learned six weeks earlier.”

Sugar problems

The rats fed only high fructose corn syrup developed insulin resistance, which the researchers think may be what’s hurting the brain cells.

Insulin resistance due to the constant flow of fructose may have changed how cells use and store sugar and use it as the energy required for processing thoughts and emotions. (sugar is the only fuel that brain cells know how to use.) If the brain cells can’t use insulin correctly, it could impact how they work.

“Insulin is important in the body for controlling blood sugar, but it may play a different role in the brain, where insulin appears to disturb memory and learning,” Gomez-Pinilla said. “Our study shows that a high-fructose diet harms the brain as well as the body. This is something new.”

Their study also suggests that omega-3 fatty acids may help protect or heal the brain from this damage, Gomez-Pinilla said, though researchers aren’t sure how either of these effects happen at the molecular level in the brain. He recommends taking one gram of omega-3 fatty acids per day.

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Greeks voice frustration as world holds its breath for election

Newly appointed Greek caretaker PM Panagiotis Pikrammenos looks on during a swearing-in ceremony in Athens Wednesday.
Newly appointed Greek caretaker PM Panagiotis Pikrammenos looks on during a swearing-in ceremony in Athens Wednesday.

Athens, Greece (CNN) — Cabinet ministers in Greece’s interim government are expected to be sworn in Thursday, as the country grapples with a political and economic crisis that could have effects far beyond its borders.

About 10 days ago, Greeks voters punished the major parties at the polls for the harsh budget cuts imposed by the country’s international lenders. The result of the election left no party able to form a government, creating deep uncertainty about Greece’s ability to continue to meet the terms of its bailout package and therefore its debt obligations.

Greece will hold new elections on June 17, state media reported Wednesday. A caretaker administration led by a senior judge will run the country in the meantime.

News of the election date came as Greeks pulled hundreds of millions of euros out of the banking system amid fears that the country will not be able to stay in the European Union’s single currency. Some of the parties that have fared well in the recent elections reject the current terms of Greece’s deal with international creditors.

Interim Prime Minister Panagiotis Pikrammenos was sworn in Wednesday. The president’s office said Cabinet ministers will take their oaths of office Thursday morning.

The political deadlock is leading to concerns that Greece will not have a functioning government in place when it needs to make critical debt payments next month, which could in turn jeopardize its place in the eurozone, the group of 17 European Union countries that use the euro currency.

And a crisis could quickly spread beyond Greece, one analyst warned.

“If Greece exits the euro it won’t be alone. Others will exit,” said Paul Donovan, a global economist with UBS bank.

“There would be bank runs across multiple countries,” he predicted. “Citigroup, for example, may not be exposed to Greece, but it may be exposed to Portugal, Spain, France. … It may be exposed to a company that’s exposed to France or exposed to exports to EU.”

In a worst-case scenario, he said, “you’re talking about widespread defaults in the corporate sector as well as the sovereign sector. It becomes very problematic.”

Even so, most major European stock markets closed Wednesday virtually unchanged. And leading Asian indexes did not show any dramatic movements in morning trading Thursday.

The euro gained some ground against the U.S. dollar on Thursday but remained close to a four month low.

European leaders were united Wednesday in saying they want to help Greece stay in the euro.

As Greek politicians met to set the new election date, German Chancellor Angela Merkel said she regrets the suffering of the Greek people in the face of harsh government budget cuts.

“It’s very bitter, obviously,” she said of the austerity measures that have left some Greeks struggling to pay for food or utilities.

But, she said, “Sacrifices had to be made. … I think these are necessary measures that had to be taken.”

Merkel, a champion of forcing governments to balance their budgets in order to promote stable economic growth in Europe, did offer possible assistance to Greece.

“Europe needs to show solidarity and help, particularly with growth, unemployment and development,” she said.

The head of the European Union’s executive body, the European Commission, said Wednesday that Greece is “part of our family,” and that the EU will do what it can to keep Greece in the euro and the union.

But the final decision has to come from the Greek people, Jose Manuel Barroso said.

“We are fully aware that the present situation is asking a lot of the Greek people, with many sacrifices. But this is a result of policies made in the past,” he said.

“The program for Greece is the least difficult of all the difficult alternatives. The problems it addresses are real,” he warned.

Merkel and Barroso spoke after news of the big withdrawals of euros from Greek banks, prompting the president of Greece’s central bank to warn that panic is possible but is not taking place.

Greeks pulled about 800 million euros out of the banking system Monday, President Karolos Papoulias said.

He said he had spoken to Central Bank Governor George Provopoulos about it.

“There is, of course, no panic, but there is fear that could develop into panic,” Papoulias said, describing what the bank governor told him. “He also said that the strength of banks is very weak at the moment.”

Merkel said she is working to keep Greece in the eurozone, but she refused to be drawn into talk about what would happen, if Greece did not meet its debt obligations.

The head of the European Central Bank echoed Merkel’s remarks.

“I want to state that our strong preference is that Greece will continue to stay in the euro area,” Mario Draghi said in a speech in Frankfurt on Wednesday.

The European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund have been pumping money into Greece to keep the country in the euro and able to pay its debts, but they have demanded that the Greek government slash spending to get the funds.

Radical leftist leader Alexis Tsipras, whose Syriza party reaped the benefits of voter frustration with the austerity measures, urged Greeks on Tuesday to continue resisting “the parties of the bailout.”

Read Tsipras equate austerity with ‘hell’

“They asked us to leave the country without any hope,” he said, arguing that the May 6 election had made the terms of the bailout “null and void.”

New Democracy leader Antonis Samaras, meanwhile, said his party will “keep fighting for a developing Greece within Europe” and “against those who say they want to get Greece out of Europe.”

His party narrowly came in first in the May 6 elections, but opinion polls since then have suggested that Syriza would finish in first place in a new election.

Matthew Chance reported from Berlin, and Antonia Mortensen reported from Athens. CNN Business Producer Katy Bryon, CNN’s Per Nyberg and journalist Elinda Labropoulou contributed to this report.

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Mladic vs. women of brutal massacre

An elderly woman and her husband are treated for injuries inflicted by Serb military forces as they fled Srebrenica in July 1995.
An elderly woman and her husband are treated for injuries inflicted by Serb military forces as they fled Srebrenica in July 1995.

The Hague, Netherlands (CNN) — Seventeen years after the end of the war, Ratko Mladic gives the impression he is still on the battlefield in what was once Yugoslavia, staring down his enemy, glowering across the courtroom. Even gesticulating death threats.

What the former Bosnian Serb military commander hopes to gain and exactly what he is trying to defend are unclear. He may be the only one who expects an outcome other than guilty.

He seems almost eager to fight all comers to the bitter end.

The women of Srebrenica are in the Hague too. All these years later, they stand before him, with international justice on their side.

These women — the widows, mothers, victims of one of the worst atrocities since World War II — occupy the moral high ground. They will not be moved.

Mladic shows no remorse

But they have sunk so low in despair and desolation that even a bone unearthed in a mass grave raises spirits — maybe something tangible from a loved one, something to cling to, a hint that truth and justice may not escape them.

Almost 1,000 miles away, most of Bosnia goes about its business with little talk of the war; life goes on. If a question is unwittingly asked by an outsider, it is met with grace, but it hangs awkwardly over the conversation, like an unwanted guest at a dinner table everyone would rather not be there.

So back here, in a courtroom in the Netherlands, it is the women of Srebrenica who have the moral weight to slug it out. Eight thousand murders in Srebrenica alone. This is what gives their families such power: There are so many of them.

They’ve become a force Mladic must reckon with, by proxy of course. The international community, in the form of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), controls this courtroom battlefield. They are such a force, in fact, that the whole country must listen, too, awkward or not. No amount of reconciliation — not that there is a lot — can really happen until the women of Srebrenica and their families get the justice they are looking for.

Can their moral high ground be shared with other Bosnians? Can the country untether itself from the weight of this anchor on progress? If so, then a bigger battle will have been won in the Hague.

Ratko Mladic: Villain to many, hero to others

Will a guilty verdict in the battle still playing out in the courtroom here be enough to win — Mladic vanquished to jail, banished from the battlefield by a long sentence?

If not, then no prison sentence will bring back the dead, rectify the wrongs, and Bosnians hopeful of a better future will be hostage to their history and to those who more than anyone deserve a better future, the families of Srebrenica.

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John Doe #2 drops out, ends Travolta sexual battery lawsuit

  • John Doe #1 withdrew from the lawsuit Tuesday
  • Lawyer Okorie Okorocha says he’s unclear why the other plaintiff quit the case
  • The lawsuit, filed last week, accused John Travolta of groping two massage therapists
  • Travolta’s lawyer called the charges by both men “ridiculous”

Los Angeles (CNN) — The remaining plaintiff in the sexual battery lawsuit against John Travolta fired his lawyer, bringing an end to the case, the lawyer told CNN on Thursday.

The suit filed in federal court last week accused the actor of groping two male massage therapists at hotels in Los Angeles and Atlanta in January.

Attorney Okorie Okorocha, who initially represented the men identified only as John Doe #1 and John Doe #2, said he did not know why his Atlanta client decided to withdraw from the lawsuit.

John Doe #1, who said that Travolta sexually harassed him at the Beverly Hills Hotel, hired Los Angeles attorney Gloria Allred on Tuesday, just hours after he withdrew from Okorocha’s lawsuit.

Allred said in a statement Tuesday that she and her new client would discuss if a new lawsuit would be filed against Travolta.

Travolta’s lawyer, Martin Singer, called the allegations by the men “ridiculous.”

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Fear fuelng GOP extremism

GOP Sen. Rand Paul speaks during last summer's budget crisis, which David Frum cites as an example of GOP irresponsibility.
GOP Sen. Rand Paul speaks during last summer’s budget crisis, which David Frum cites as an example of GOP irresponsibility.

Editor’s note: David Frum is a contributing editor at Newsweek and The Daily Beast and a CNN contributor. He is the author of seven books, including a new novel, “Patriots.”

(CNN) — Last month, two political scientists published one of those rare op-eds that gets the political community talking.

The thesis of the piece was contained in the title: “Let’s just say it: The Republicans are the problem.”

In case that was not clear enough, the authors elaborated: “We have been studying Washington politics and Congress for more than 40 years, and never have we seen them this dysfunctional.

David Frum

“In our past writings, we have criticized both parties when we believed it was warranted. Today, however, we have no choice but to acknowledge that the core of the problem lies with the Republican Party.

“The GOP has become an insurgent outlier in American politics. It is ideologically extreme; scornful of compromise; unmoved by conventional understanding of facts, evidence and science; and dismissive of the legitimacy of its political opposition.

“When one party moves this far from the mainstream, it makes it nearly impossible for the political system to deal constructively with the country’s challenges.”

Follow @CNNOpinion on Twitter and Facebook/CNNOpinion.

The piece drew its authority from the authors’ identity: Thomas Mann and Norman Ornstein, two of Washington’s most veteran watchers of Congress. Both men have hard-earned reputations for nonideological independence of mind despite their institutional affiliations: Mann works at the liberal Brookings Institution, Ornstein at the conservative American Enterprise Institute. (Ornstein is a friend of mine, and was a colleague until I was given the heave-ho from AEI in March 2010.)

Now they have backed their provocative op-ed with a new book, “It’s Even Worse Than It Looks: How the American Constitutional System Collided With the New Politics of Extremism.”

The book backs the arresting op-ed with a battery of depressing research, substantiating their charge that congressional Republicans now act in a uniquely irresponsible way.

The debt showdown last summer was the ultimate case: congressional Republicans nearly forcing a default on the obligations of the United States to get their way on a budget agreement.

But the pattern manifests itself in almost all the business of government, down to the most mundane.

For example: Because Senate rules often require unanimous consent to move to the next order of business, a determined minority can force delay on almost any action it opposes.

Since 2009, Republicans have used this power of delay hyper-aggressively. Compare and contrast the treatment of executive-branch nominees.

Sixteen months into the George W. Bush administration, Memorial Day 2002, only 13 executive-branch nominations awaited confirmation by the Senate. At the corresponding moment in the Obama administration, Memorial Day 2010, 108 nominees were awaiting action by the Senate.

This comparison is supported by another academic study. The confirmation process got gradually slower between the 1960s and the 1990s. Then, suddenly, in the second Clinton administration, the confirmation process seized up.

Under the elder Bush, a Republican president facing a Democratic Senate, 92% of nominees were confirmed within an average of 57 days. In the second Clinton administration, facing a Republican Senate, only 74% of nominees were confirmed, taking an average of 110 days.

Ornstein and Mann offer a convincing array of explanations for the trend toward radicalism within the GOP, including changes in campaign finance and in the electorate itself. They offer too a range of proposals to work around GOP radicalism and restore the effective functioning of Congress. If those proposals have a faint wistful air to them, blame the inherent difficulty of the problem, not Mann and Ornstein.

But one thing is missing from their powerful and important book, and it’s a thought I’d like to enter here into the record: The radicalization of the GOP is a function of changes, not only in U.S. politics, but also in the U.S. economy.

Americans are living through an era of disappointment. It’s becoming obvious that the U.S. government cannot meet all the expectations that built up in better times.

The tax status quo, the Medicare status quo, the social safety net status quo, the defense status quo — they can’t all be sustained. Something must give, and almost everybody senses it.

In good times, we debate whether government should expand programs or cut taxes — new benefits in either case.

In these times, we are debating whether government should impose large reductions in programs or impose big increases in taxes — taking from people benefits that they now enjoy.

Human beings will typically fight much more ferociously to keep what they possess than to gain something new. And the constituencies that vote Republican happen to possess the most and thus to be exposed to the worst risks of loss.

The Republican voting base includes not only the wealthy with the most to fear from tax increases, but also the elderly and the rural, the two constituencies that benefit the most from federal spending and thus have the most to lose from spending cuts.

All those constituencies together fear that almost any conceivable change will be change for the worse from their point of view: higher taxes, less Medicare, or possibly both. Any attempt to do more for other constituencies — the unemployed, the young — represents an extra, urgent threat to them.

That sense of threat radicalizes voters and donors — and has built a huge reservoir of votes and money for politicians and activists who speak as radically as the donors and voters feel.

Which means the solution to the problems so astutely diagnosed by Mann and Ornstein must ultimately be found outside the American political system — and will not be solved until America’s rich and America’s elderly become either less fearful or more generous.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of David Frum.

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Lab chimps given new hope

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More than a decade ago, more than 265 chimpanzees -- including Howard, pictured here in 2002 -- spent their days at a New Mexico medical research facility being poked, prodded and confined to small cages. Then, the Save the Chimps foundation intervened. After nearly a decade of rehabilitation, the chimps were transported to a 150-acre sanctuary in Florida. CNN went along with the last group as they made the journey and experienced their first time outdoors. More than a decade ago, more than 265 chimpanzees — including Howard, pictured here in 2002 — spent their days at a New Mexico medical research facility being poked, prodded and confined to small cages. Then, the Save the Chimps foundation intervened. After nearly a decade of rehabilitation, the chimps were transported to a 150-acre sanctuary in Florida. CNN went along with the last group as they made the journey and experienced their first time outdoors.
Preparing the chimpanzees for their move was bittersweet for Save the Chimps employees, who spent years caring for the animals. "What am I going to do when I get up at 5 o'clock in the morning and they're not here?" asked Debra Lovelace as she tearfully said goodbye to Bart, a 20-year-old chimpanzee. "It's been eight years but it's part of a dream." That dream is to see these chimpanzees moved to a Florida sanctuary where they will have space to run and play.Preparing the chimpanzees for their move was bittersweet for Save the Chimps employees, who spent years caring for the animals. “What am I going to do when I get up at 5 o’clock in the morning and they’re not here?” asked Debra Lovelace as she tearfully said goodbye to Bart, a 20-year-old chimpanzee. “It’s been eight years but it’s part of a dream.” That dream is to see these chimpanzees moved to a Florida sanctuary where they will have space to run and play.
Guilder rests as he begins the long journey to Florida, thanks to the sedation needed to get him into the transport cage. It is the final trip transporting the last nine of the 266 chimpanzees from the Coulston Foundation facility in Alamogordo, New Mexico. Guilder rests as he begins the long journey to Florida, thanks to the sedation needed to get him into the transport cage. It is the final trip transporting the last nine of the 266 chimpanzees from the Coulston Foundation facility in Alamogordo, New Mexico.
The specially designed trailer that carries the chimps -- a moving billboard for Save the Chimps -- has windows allowing the chimpanzees to see out and the public to see in, says the group's sanctuary director, Jen Feuerstein. The chimpanzees are often heard banging and hollering before they are seen through the tinted windows. The specially designed trailer that carries the chimps — a moving billboard for Save the Chimps — has windows allowing the chimpanzees to see out and the public to see in, says the group’s sanctuary director, Jen Feuerstein. The chimpanzees are often heard banging and hollering before they are seen through the tinted windows.
At a gas station in Slidell, Louisiana, cashier Denise Johnson runs out of the store to greet the chimpanzees. "I get to see them every time they come," says Johnson, who has greeted most of the 27 groups of chimps as they make their cross-country journey. Realizing that this is the final group of chimpanzees, Johnson starts to cry. "Well I hope they're happy where they're going," she says. At a gas station in Slidell, Louisiana, cashier Denise Johnson runs out of the store to greet the chimpanzees. “I get to see them every time they come,” says Johnson, who has greeted most of the 27 groups of chimps as they make their cross-country journey. Realizing that this is the final group of chimpanzees, Johnson starts to cry. “Well I hope they’re happy where they’re going,” she says.
The trailer stops about every two hours so Feuerstein can check on the chimps, feed them and give them medication. Moesha, Alari and Sarah have to take birth control pills and Bart, Alari and Brody take medicine for anxiety. The trailer stops about every two hours so Feuerstein can check on the chimps, feed them and give them medication. Moesha, Alari and Sarah have to take birth control pills and Bart, Alari and Brody take medicine for anxiety.
After about 40 hours on the road, the final chimpanzees arrive at their retirement home in Fort Pierce, Florida. Roady and Bradley run around the cage hooting and hollering in excitement after being let out of their transport boxes. The chimpanzees are reunited with the others in their 19-member family. The Save the Chimps staff spent years creating family units for these highly social animals as part of their rehabilitation. After about 40 hours on the road, the final chimpanzees arrive at their retirement home in Fort Pierce, Florida. Roady and Bradley run around the cage hooting and hollering in excitement after being let out of their transport boxes. The chimpanzees are reunited with the others in their 19-member family. The Save the Chimps staff spent years creating family units for these highly social animals as part of their rehabilitation.
Fifteen-year-old JJ still finds security in his blankets. "We are basically taking responsibility for the lives that someone else created," says Save the Chimps' Feuerstein, who relies on donations to fund the sanctuary. Each chimpanzee will cost the sanctuary $15,500 every year to take care of, she says.

Fifteen-year-old JJ still finds security in his blankets. “We are basically taking responsibility for the lives that someone else created,” says Save the Chimps’ Feuerstein, who relies on donations to fund the sanctuary. Each chimpanzee will cost the sanctuary $15,500 every year to take care of, she says.

Sarah looks out the window at a much greener view than the one she had in New Mexico. She and her family members will have access to a three-acre island. The 150-acre sanctuary has constructed the islands in lieu of fences because chimpanzees will not go into the water. Sarah looks out the window at a much greener view than the one she had in New Mexico. She and her family members will have access to a three-acre island. The 150-acre sanctuary has constructed the islands in lieu of fences because chimpanzees will not go into the water.
Moesha is the first chimp to make it onto one of the islands. After a lifetime spent indoors, these chimpanzees can finally look up and see the sun. Feuerstein expresses her relief that the foundation's 10-year rescue operation has come to a successful end. "It's amazing what we've accomplished," she says. "Nobody's moved this many chimps over this many years and without incident."Moesha is the first chimp to make it onto one of the islands. After a lifetime spent indoors, these chimpanzees can finally look up and see the sun. Feuerstein expresses her relief that the foundation’s 10-year rescue operation has come to a successful end. “It’s amazing what we’ve accomplished,” she says. “Nobody’s moved this many chimps over this many years and without incident.”

Alamogordo, New Mexico (CNN) — Shortly after her birth, Moesha was taken away from her mother and sent to a laboratory for a life of medical testing.

Like the 265 other chimpanzees at the Coulston Foundation’s facility in Alamogordo, New Mexico, Moesha would be poked and prodded in the name of medical research. Moesha was one of the lucky ones: She survived. Others were not so fortunate. Three chimpanzees housed at the Coulston Foundation were literally cooked to death when their enclosures heated to 140 degrees Fahrenheit.

When federal authorities found out about the facility’s mistreatment of these animals, it lost its funding and went bankrupt.

That’s when a team of animal welfare experts stepped in and changed these chimpanzees’ lives forever.

With the help of a $3.7 million grant, the Save the Chimps organization purchased the facility in 2002 and transformed it into the world’s largest sanctuary for chimpanzees. It would serve as temporary housing for the chimps until the organization could create a more permanent outdoor sanctuary in Florida.

But first, Moesha and the others — isolated for most of their lives — would have to learn how to live as family units. And that process would take nearly a decade of rehabilitation.

Learning to become chimps again

One of the first priorities in rehabilitating the chimps was modifying their cages, known by the Save the Chimps team as “the dungeon.” This gray, concrete structure housed 54 chimpanzees, most of them crammed into small, individual cages. The cages where the rest of the chimpanzees were housed weren’t much bigger but they shared the space with another animal or two.

“It was six months of cutting doors into six-inch thick concrete walls so that chimps could actually see each other for the first time and meet each other for the first time,” said Save the Chimps sanctuary director Jennifer Feuerstein.

Even with the new doors and skylights, the dungeon still had a dark feel to it, and resembled a concrete block of prison cells. Once the buildings were modified, the care of the animals became routine and the team began to slowly create diverse family groups for the chimps.

“The ultimate goal was forming family groups of 20 to 25 chimpanzees,” explained Feuerstein, “We did it by introducing one chimpanzee at a time, so we’re talking over the past 10 years thousands of thousands of introductions.”

Meet one of the oldest chimpanzees in captivity

For Moesha and many of the other chimps, this was a completely new experience. Moesha would rock back and forth and often scream for no apparent reason. She was pale, balding and anxious when Save the Chimps took over the facility. Moesha was immediately introduced to another chimpanzee, Alari, and soon after bonding with her, Moesha was introduced into a chimpanzee family. Her hair has since thickened and her skin darkened from the sunlight that peeked through the bars in her newly improved cage.

Feuerstein said it took a while for the chimpanzees to get used to each other. Some groups took up to a year to form.

“When a family was ready and an island was ready, then we would migrate a group to Florida,” she said. “Eleven groups were formed and migrated over a period of six years. We started doing large scale migrations in 2005, 2006.”

Chimpanzees as medical test subjects

The United States is one of two remaining countries — the other being Gabon — that legally allow chimps and other great apes to be used in invasive biomedical research, according to the Humane Society of the United States. However, other countries still contract the services of research centers that use chimps, according to Dr. Thomas Rowell Director of the New Iberia Research Center in Louisiana.

There are more than 930 chimpanzees at U.S. medical research facilities, most of them used for hepatitis testing, according to a report by the Institute of Medicine issued in December. The report stated that chimpanzees are not necessary for most biomedical research. The institute recognized two possible uses for chimps: one for cancerous tumors that are already part of ongoing investigations, and the other for a hepatitis C vaccine.

A panel of experts advising the National Institutes of Health on how to implement the the Institute of Medicine’s report is expected to issue its recommendations by the end of the year.

Read more about the Institute of Medicine report

A bill that would end invasive research on chimps and other great apes has been before Congress since 2008, reintroduced in subsequent years, most recently as the the “Great Ape Protection and Cost Savings Act of 2011.” A Senate subcommittee has the bill on its agenda for Tuesday.

Frederick Coulston began using chimpanzees for toxicology tests in the 1940s at Holloman Air Force Base in Alamogordo, New Mexico. Coulston, who died in 2003 at age 89, helped develop hepatitis vaccines and spent years working on a vaccine for AIDS, according to his obituary in the Los Angeles Times. But the use of chimpanzees in his research made him a target of animal welfare advocates.

In 1993, he established the Coulston Foundation in Alamogordo — considered the largest chimpanzee laboratory in the world — where he carried out his research on chimps and loaned them out to other laboratories, with the help of government funding. The facility was cited numerous times for violating the Animal Welfare Act and federal funding was withdrawn, forcing it to close in 2002.

That year, Coulston reached out to Save the Chimps founder Dr. Carole Noon, offering to sell the laboratory and donate all 266 chimpanzees to the organization, according to Save the Chimps. Nine years later, the chimps were ready to move from the former laboratory to the outdoor sanctuary in Florida.

Getting ready for the journey

Peanut butter and jelly sandwiches are handed out to Moesha and her family as they get ready for the 2,000-mile cross-country journey.

Moesha is one of the final 10 chimps heading to the sanctuary in Fort Pierce: 150 acres of former orange groves, transformed into islands where the chimpanzees will be permanently retired.

The islands keep the chimpanzees, who are afraid of water, on the property without the need for fencing.

It will be their first time living outdoors.

Before the specially designed trailer carrying the final 10 chimps departs New Mexico, tears fill the eyes of the Save the Chimps staff as they say goodbye.

The chimps are wheeled onto the trailer in small, single cages near the members of their family units.

Each chimpanzee has a window seat.

It is after dark when Alari, the last chimpanzee, is loaded into the trailer. She is placed next to Moesha and across from Taz.

As the staff takes pictures and says their goodbyes, high-pitched hoots and screams can be heard outside the trailer, which the chimpanzees aggressively rock.

This behavior is barely noticed; it is no different from the past 26 times workers have loaded a group of chimpanzees destined for Florida.

But this trip is different and Feuerstein’s thoughts are on the Save the Chimps founder, who passed away before the “Great Chimp Migration” could come to a happy end.

“I wish Carole Noon was here. She started it. All this was her project. This was her dream,” Feuerstein said.

As the truck pulling the trailer slowly drives out of the gate, a crowd of former and current employees gives a loud cheer. The last of the Coulston chimpanzees is heading for a new life far away from the former research facility.

Back to nature

The 2,000-mile road trip will take a day and a half, because of frequent stops to check on the chimpanzees. They are fed fruits and juice and medicine is administered. Moesha, Alari and Sarah are on birth control pills and Bart, Alari and Brody are given medicine for anxiety.

When the trailer arrives in Fort Pierce, Florida, the chimps are greeted by a cheering crowd of workers and volunteers.

After being reunited with the other nine members of their family that arrived ahead of them, Moesha and her traveling companions are let out onto the island.

It’s the first time these chimpanzees have felt grass under their feet and direct sunlight on their skin.

Feuerstein recalls how far Moesha has progressed over the past decade.

“Moesha is amazing,” said Feuerstein, with the emotion of a proud mother. “When she first came, she was the most scared, timid chimp.”

Showing no fear of her new surroundings, Moesha — unlike her other family members — confidently walks across the grass to the middle of the island.

There she sat for a few minutes, taking in her new green surroundings, soaking up the kind of life she never knew existed.

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Easter Island archaeology project digs up island’s secrets

New photographs reveal what lies beneath the surface of Easter Island, one of the most remote places in the world — the carved bodies of the island’s 887 famous guardians.

Most people think of the 63-square-mile Pacific island?s silent stone sentinels as simple heads. But the heads all have bodies — and a backstory that’s only now being pieced together, explained Jo Anne Van Tilburg, director of the Easter Island Statue Project.

?Those statues which are the most photographed are standing in the quarry. They?re buried up to mid-torso level. So it?s understandable that the general public didn?t have a clue that those statues had bodies,? she told FoxNews.com.

Current belief is that the statues were carved between A.D.1100 up until the 1800s, when an influx of Westerners transformed the culture. Van Tilburg, a fellow with The Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at the University of California, Los Angeles, has only been coming to Easter Island (called Rapa Nui) to do research for twenty years, since 1992. But she first came more than thirty years ago — and stayed for one clear reason.

‘It?s understandable that the general public didn?t have a clue that those statues had bodies.’

- Jo Anne Van Tilburg, director of the Easter Island Statue Project

?I fell in love with the statues,? she said simply.

?I came to Easter Island in 1981. I was impressed with the number of statues and that they seemed accessible to me, they were on the surface. I wanted to know what was below the surface.?

First Van Tilburg documented the island?s statues and those that have been removed to museums; there are 887 inventoried, though she says the number is closer to 1,000. Then she began the next phase of work to reveal what lay beneath the ground — covered up not intentionally by men, but through centuries of exposure to the environment.

That process has taken 12 years so far, and may take a lifetime of work.

?It?s the first time that one has been excavated in such a way that the documentation was complete and scientific,? she told FoxNews.com. Other groups have dug in the past, and looters have found their way to the remote island as well.

?People have been treasure hunting there for a long time.?

Van Tilburg is conducting a far more thorough examination, however, working in collaboration with a staff of three in California and ten Rapa Nui natives who are doing all of the excavation work. She is currently gearing up for the sixth scheduled dig on the island, which should run from October through November 2012.

Work so far has revealed evidence of ceremonies and very large quantities of paint; the archaeologists believe the workers painted the statues as well as their own bodies.

She found evidence of human burials nearby as well.

And recent digs have revealed just how the massive heads were carved — some of which tower more than 30 feet in height, from base to top, and weigh more than 80 tons.

?We found over 500 stone tools. The statues were carved with different types, big heavy picks and finer basalt and obsidian tools to finish details,? she explained. Other tools were used to rub surfaces and burnish the statues. Van Tilburg found evidence of post holes as well, big enough for a tree trunk, and rope guides carved in some statues to elevate them into standing position.

But the intent of the giant sculptures, their reason for being, is still not totally clear.

?Think of China where they buried an army of standing warriors. That group was intended to be together as part of a burial feature. Here, on Easter Island, each statue is individually constructed by groups.?

A signed stone recently discovered beneath one of the heads held a petroglyph of a Polynesian style canoe, and a clue: It was meant to signify identity, Van Tilburg said.

?It was meant to identify that statue either to a family group of people or a subgroup, either carvers or the family unit the carvers came from, or beyond that, to the chief,? she told FoxNews.com. The giant sculptures were most likely relatives and not guardians, in other words.

Later sculptures were far more realistic and individualistic, she noted, which also reveals something about the changing culture, as native peoples moved from highly controlled fiefdoms to a society allowing for more individual expression.

?It?s always important to get beneath the surface of things,? she said.

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Are hosts ready for Euro 2012?

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The Olympic Stadium in Kiev has been revamped at an estimated cost of $681 million, according to German broadcaster Deutsche Welle. It opened on November 11 with a game between Ukraine and Germany.

The Olympic Stadium in Kiev has been revamped at an estimated cost of $681 million, according to German broadcaster Deutsche Welle. It opened on November 11 with a game between Ukraine and Germany.

Ukrainian fans are known for creating a formidable atmosphere in their own stadiums. Here, Dynamo Kiev's fans hold flares during a match between their team and rivals Shakhtar Donetsk.Ukrainian fans are known for creating a formidable atmosphere in their own stadiums. Here, Dynamo Kiev’s fans hold flares during a match between their team and rivals Shakhtar Donetsk.
CNN's Pedro Pinto talks to Ukraine's deputy prime minister Boris Kolesnikov in the brand new Lviv Stadium, during his whirlwind day visiting all four stadiums that will host matches in the country.

CNN’s Pedro Pinto talks to Ukraine’s deputy prime minister Boris Kolesnikov in the brand new Lviv Stadium, during his whirlwind day visiting all four stadiums that will host matches in the country.

Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych (L) shakes hands with Michel Platini on a recent visit to the country by UEFA's president. Platini said in 2008 that Ukraine needed to "wake up" and "get going" after a series of delays.Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych (L) shakes hands with Michel Platini on a recent visit to the country by UEFA’s president. Platini said in 2008 that Ukraine needed to “wake up” and “get going” after a series of delays.
Platini and deputy prime minister Boris Kolesnikov inspect work on a new terminal at Donetsk airport. The improvement work, insisted on by European football's governing body, comes at a cost of $412m, according to the Ukrainian government.Platini and deputy prime minister Boris Kolesnikov inspect work on a new terminal at Donetsk airport. The improvement work, insisted on by European football’s governing body, comes at a cost of $412m, according to the Ukrainian government.

(CNN) — On Friday the countdown will officially begin to soccer’s Euro 2012 finals — arguably the climax to the second biggest festival of football on the planet behind the World Cup.

The draw for the co-hosted tournament will be held in the Ukrainian capital Kiev, and football fans across the continent will learn the fate of their beloved nations.

It will kick off a six-month countdown to the date of the first game on June 8, to be held in the Polish city of Warsaw. The final will be held in Kiev on July 1.

Amid the excitement, critics have questioned whether the stadiums and infrastructure will be delivered on time for the visit of thousands of fans to Eastern Europe.

Platini: Euro 2012 build up ‘a complicated adventure’

Here, CNN examines the myriad of issues on the field, and off it.

What is the European Championship?

The competition was born in 1960 and is held every four years. It sees Europe’s top soccer nations battle it out to be crowned the continent’s best team. There is a two-year-long qualification period, at the end of which 16 teams make the finals. They are then drawn into four groups of four, with the top two teams progressing from the group to the quarterfinal stage. The last installment, hosted by Switzerland and Austria in 2008, saw Spain beat Germany 1-0 in the final.

Which venues will stage the games?

There are four stadiums in each country that will host games. Poland’s newly built National Stadium in Warsaw will stage the opening game, while the PGE Arena in Gdansk and the Municipal Stadium in Wroclaw have also been constructed specially for the tournament. Poznan’s Municipal Stadium will also host games.

In Ukraine, Kiev’s Olympic Stadium has the honor of the final, while the Donbass Arena in Donetsk, the Metalist Stadium in Kharkiv and the brand new Lviv Arena will also stage games.

What are the fears surrounding the tournament?

Euro 2012 was awarded to Poland and Ukraine by European football’s governing body UEFA in 2007 — the first time Eastern Europe has been called upon to host a major football tournament. But their preparations have been criticized for the delayed building of stadiums and infrastructure projects necessary to support the thousands of fans that will descend on both countries come June.

As early as 2008, UEFA president Michel Platini was speaking of the need to resolve problems with the project, saying of Ukraine he had to “wake them up a little” and tell them to “get going.” Despite rumors that Scotland offered to step in should the tournament be taken away from Ukraine, Platini said it would remain with the its original hosts.

There are still issues to resolve around the stadium in Lviv, with Polish authorities facing similar concerns over their brand new Municipal Stadium in Wroclaw.

Ukrainian deputy prime minister Boris Kolesnikov told CNN World Sport’s Pedro Pinto this week that at no stage did he think the tournament would be stripped from his country: “Neither the president nor the government feared they’d lose the right to host the championship. Of course we were a little bit scared to physically not be on schedule. Our sleepless nights, there have been too many to say, but construction has kept going 24/7 during the last 15 months.”

But World Soccer’s Gavin Hamilton told CNN that Ukraine’s focus on getting the stadiums ready has come at the expense of the infrastructure needed to stage the event. “The concern is that externally, outside of the stadiums, the transport infrastructure hasn’t been brought up to speed, there aren’t enough hotels.

“So there will be trouble for fans getting around the tournament. As far as UEFA are concerned, in terms of putting on a television spectacle for the world, Ukraine has done a very good job in getting the stadiums ready.”

What has CNN discovered in Ukraine?

Our sleepless nights, there have been too many to say, but construction has kept going 24/7 during the last 15 months
Boris Kolesnikov, Ukrainian deputy prime minister

On a whistle-stop tour of the four cities and stadiums that will host matches in Ukraine, Pinto said he had been impressed with the football arenas but found that some building projects were still battling to be ready, such as the one at Lviv airport, where construction on a new terminal and a lengthened runway continues 24 hours a day.

He said: “Having spent the last week traveling across both countries I can tell you that if you are a football supporter, you needn’t worry. The stadiums look great and although some of the roads and railways may not be completed by the start of the tournament, enough progress will have been made to make the fan experience a good one.”

What are the costs involved?

According to UEFA figures, revenues taken during the 2008 tournament were $1.7 billion, with an estimated television audience of 4.8 billion for the 31 matches. The final was broadcast to 231 countries around the world.

Speculation in Ukraine, from the Kyiv Post, claims the country’s total cost of staging Euro 2012 is $14.5 billion, paid for by a combination of private and public money. The paper claims Poland’s estimated costs are in the region of $30 billion.

Mikolaj Piotrowski, communications director for PL.2012 — the national coordinating company for Euro 2012 in Poland — told CNN: “The investment, thanks to Euro 2012, has accelerated infrastructure development in this country by three to five years. The overall cost has been $27 billion and has made Poland the largest construction site in Europe.”

Yury Gromnitsky, head of the press office for the vice-prime minister of Ukraine, told CNN: “The Ukraine has invested $750 million in sport infrastructure to host Euro 2012, not including the cost of the airport and transportation infrastructure. But being host has really acted as a catalyst for this development to take place.”

All four airports in Ukraine’s host cities are being revamped, while a series of new hotel developments have also been built — 67 in Donetsk alone. A high-speed rail link will be in operation to ferry fans between host cities, and new road networks have also been built.

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Parasite helps ant colonies fight ‘zombie’ fungus, study finds

A fungus that infects the brains of ants, effectively turning them into zombies, is actually vulnerable to a parasite itself, according to new research.

The zombie-ant fungus, or Ophiocordyceps, acts like a puppeteer. Once in the brain, it will steer an ant to its death — usually manipulating it to latch onto a leaf, where the fungus spores will erupt out of its lifeless head and spread to new hosts.

Scientists already knew ants try to defend their colonies from the brain-eating spores by efficiently grooming each other. But a new study published Wednesday in the journal PLoS ONE found they also have some help from a counter-fungus.

“In a case where biology is stranger than fiction, the parasite of the zombie-ant fungus is itself a fungus — a hyperparasitic fungus that specializes in attacking the parasite that turns the ants into zombies,” said lead researcher David Hughes of Penn State.

Hughes explained that the hyperparasitic fungus “castrates” the zombie-ant fungus so it cannot spread its spores, meaning fewer of the ants will be turned into zombies.

The zombie-ant fungus directs its hosts to die in one place of the colony, creating a spooky mass grave of infected corpses. But the researchers found only 6.5 percent of those ants’ spore-producing organs threatened to spread the fungus.

“Even though there are a lot of dead and infected zombie ants in the neighborhood, only a few of the spores of the zombie-ant fungus will become mature and able to infect healthy ants,” Hughes said. “Our research indicates that the danger to the ant colony is much smaller than the high density of zombie-ant cadavers in the graveyard might suggest.”

The study was based on data from Camponotus rufipes in the rain forests of Brazil and carpenter ants in Thailand.

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‘Idol’ recap: Skylar Laine leaves; Lopez defends 16-year-old Jessica Sanchez’s racy outfit

Skylar Laine, the gunslingin? ?firecracker? from Brandon, Mississippi took her final bow on ?American Idol? Thursday night after receiving the smallest share of the 60 million votes cast by the viewing audience.

?It?s hard to lose anybody,? noted judge Jennifer Lopez. ?Losing anybody is really tough right now.?

After host Ryan Seacrest announced that Laine was going home, judge Steven Tyler was seen shaking his head with disappointment as Lopez scrunched her face into a sad pout.

As Laine sang her farewell song, ?Gunpowder and Lead,? Hollie Cavanagh?who also landed in the Bottom Two with Laine?wiped away tears. Lopez also dabbed wetness from her eyes.

QA: Skylar Laine says she’s “relieved” to be off “Idol.”

Laine, who earned consistent praise from the judges for her feisty stage presence throughout the season, failed to win over ?Idol? fans with her spunky rendition of Creedence Clearwater Revival?s ?Fortunate Son? on Wednesday night.

?She had great energy on ?Fortunate Son,?? opined ?Idol? mentor Jimmy Iovine. ?I believe she could have understood the lyrics a little bit more, because those lyrics are very, very, very powerful.? 

Laine?s take on Dusty Springfield?s ?You Don’t Have to Say You Love Me? left Iovine underwhelmed.

?That?s the one performance I?ve seen her do that I really wasn?t thrilled with,? noted the chairman of Interscope Geffen A&M Records. ?She doesn?t deserve to go home because of that?but it was less than I know she?s capable of.?

PHOTOS: Summer Blockbuster Bikini Babes.

Joshua Ledet?one of the best singers of the past 50 years, if you believe Lopez?was declared safe at the top of the results show.

?Of course Joshua is safe tonight,? said Iovine. ?This kid deserves greatness.?

Fan favorite Phillip Phillips sailed through to safety?despite delivering a pair of pedestrian performances.

?This week, I think he did two very bland songs,? said Iovine. ?You have to be willing to fail in order to really win. I feel Phillip?s been coasting.?

To drive the point home, Iovine added, ?In my opinion, on performances alone… (made the motion?and sound effect?of a knife being slit across his throat)?

Iovine was also concerned about Jessica Sanchez dressing far older than her sixteen years. 

“The heels are very high and everything. That might be a lot for certain people to swallow across Middle America”

- Jennifer Lopez

?That dress was too mature for her,? said Iovine of the tight, white bandage and chain dress Sanchez wore during her performance of ?Proud Mary.? 

?I believe there were a lot of people at home last night who felt uncomfortable.?

The man who helped guide the careers of Eminem and Lady Gaga added that Sanchez?s performance bordered on burlesque. ?Stylists ? what are you doing? You?re torpedoing this girl.?

Lopez, meanwhile, defended Sanchez?s racy look. 

?The heels are very high and everything,? explained Lopez. ?That might be a lot for certain people to swallow across Middle America. We?re in show business?we have a whole different standard. It?s more acceptable here.?

?It was a little over the top,? conceded judge Randy Jackson.

One thing the judges can all agree on ? this is one of the best ?American Idol? seasons ever.

?The Top Five has never been better than this ? never,? said Tyler, shortly before it was announced that Laine was leaving the show. ?Thank you for letting us feel your music.?

Up next: The Final Four perform.

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Panetta tells troops misconduct hurts morale, mission

  • Defense secretary speaks to deploying soldiers
  • He tells them misconduct threatens Afghan mission
  • Past incidents include photos of troops posing with or urinating on corpses

(CNN) — The enemy may be losing on the battlefield in Afghanistan, but he is trying to win the public relations war with the help of misconduct among a few U.S. military personnel, Defense Secretary Leon Panetta told soldiers Friday.

Panetta, speaking at Fort Benning, Georgia, acknowledged the first anniversary of the killing of al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden and the accomplishments of troops serving across Afghanistan.

But he told members of the 3rd Heavy Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division preparing for deployment that they must live up to high standards of personal conduct and integrity — and avoid mistakes and scandal.

“I know that you are proud to wear the uniform of your country and that you strive to live up to the highest standards that we expect of you,” Panetta said. “But the reality is we are fighting a different kind of war and living in a different kind of world than when I was a lieutenant here at Fort Benning. “

“These days, it takes only seconds — seconds — for a picture, a photo to suddenly become an international headline. And those headlines can impact the mission that we are engaged in,” Panetta said. “It can put your fellow service members at risk. It can hurt morale. It can damage our standing in the world and they can cost lives.”

A report issued this week by the Pentagon noted several “significant shocks” in Afghanistan from October to March, including the release of a video of U.S. Marines urinating on corpses, the inadvertent burning of religious materials by U.S. personnel and the alleged killing of 17 civilians by a lone U.S. soldier.

Afghan President Hamid Karzai last month condemned photos of U.S. soldiers posing with bodies of suspected insurgents.

Karzai, who described the images as “inhumane and provocative,” said “the only way to put an end to such painful experiences” was to end the presence of foreign forces in Afghanistan.

Panetta has condemned the photos, reportedly taken in 2010 and published by the Los Angeles Times, saying they depict behavior that “absolutely violates” U.S. regulations and values.

“I know that none of you deliberately acts to hurt your mission or to put your fellow soldiers at risk,” Panetta told GIs on Friday. “You are the best, and that’s why I am here today to tell you that … I need your leadership, I need your courage, I need your strength to make sure that we always abide by the highest standards.”

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From Baywatch to burned rubber

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Actress and model Pamela Anderson is fronting the Downforce1 racing team, which plans to compete in the 2012 European Le Mans and International GT Open series.Actress and model Pamela Anderson is fronting the Downforce1 racing team, which plans to compete in the 2012 European Le Mans and International GT Open series.
The Canadian star is pictured here with Markus Fux, the team's sole driver who also doubles up as Downforce1's marketing coordinator.The Canadian star is pictured here with Markus Fux, the team’s sole driver who also doubles up as Downforce1′s marketing coordinator.
The former Playboy model gets a closer look at the car with German socialite Marcus Prinz von Anhalt. The car was due to enter its first race at an International GT race in France this weekend, but Downforce1 announced it had decided not to enter.The former Playboy model gets a closer look at the car with German socialite Marcus Prinz von Anhalt. The car was due to enter its first race at an International GT race in France this weekend, but Downforce1 announced it had decided not to enter.
Anderson shot to fame in the hit U.S. TV show Baywatch, in which she played lifeguard C.J. Parker between 1992 and 1998.Anderson shot to fame in the hit U.S. TV show Baywatch, in which she played lifeguard C.J. Parker between 1992 and 1998.
Anderson is not the first female celebrity to enter motorsport. Socialite Paris Hilton co-founded the SuperMartxe VIP MotoGP team in December 2010. Anderson is not the first female celebrity to enter motorsport. Socialite Paris Hilton co-founded the SuperMartxe VIP MotoGP team in December 2010.

(CNN) — Pamela Anderson’s career to date may have been more Playboy than pit lane, but the former Baywatch star has decided to dip her feet into motorsport by launching her own racing team.

The 44-year-old actress and ex-cover girl is fronting the Downforce1 team, which will compete in the 2012 European Le Mans and International GT Open series.

Anderson, more famous for sporting a red bathing suit as C.J. Parker in the hit ’90s TV show than racing overalls, launched the venture earlier this month with the aim of competing in the 2013 open-wheel NASCAR series in the U.S.

“Fast cars and fast women go together,” the former Playmate of the Month said on the team’s website. “Here we are surrounded by men, I love it.”

The Canadian is described as a fan of motorsport divisions “from NASCAR to Formula One” and hailed the venture as “a dream come true.”

“I’m so proud of the Downforce 1 team,” she said. “These gentleman have achieved the impossible and built up a team in just four months.

“I cannot wait to see my cars on the race track, it’s hard to believe until I see it.”

But Anderson’s dream has been temporarily derailed. The team’s sole driver Markus Fux, who also doubles up as Downforce1′s marketing coordinator, announced they will miss this weekend’s International GT race in France.

“Due to technical issues and circumstances beyond the control of the team, the management of Downforce1 have reluctantly decided, in the interest of the team and its sponsors, not to attend the first race at Paul Ricard,” read the statement.

“The team now intends to begin its 2012 race program at the GT Open Series round at Portimao on the 28th April. The team apologizes to its many fans and supporters.”

Anderson is not the first female celebrity to be drawn to the track. Socialite Paris Hilton, heiress to the Hilton hotel fortune, co-founded the SuperMartxe VIP MotoGP team in December 2010.

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